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Development overview and trend Analysis of  electric drive system of new energy vehicle GAO Lingyu, ZHOU Huijun, WANG Cheng, PEI Ruilin Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (1): 27-31.   Abstract （317）      PDF（pc） （723KB）（1730）       Knowledge map    Save The development history and market status of new energy electric systems for new energy vehicles(EV), and their developments of electric drive systems, vehicle types and new electric motors and future trends, have been analyzed and researched in this paper, which has certain help to guide the application of electric steel and other materials to new energy vehicles. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on production capacity and demand of high performance electrical steel in China#br# CHEN Zhuo Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (1): 1-8.   Abstract （262）      PDF（pc） （1241KB）（1375）       Knowledge map    Save High performance electrical steel is one of the important raw material products indispensable for the modernization construction, highquality development and people's life in China. It is also the development direction of highquality development, product upgrading, energy conservation and environmental protection of electrical steel industry in China.The production capacity of electrical steel, the capacity of normalization (acid pickling), the capacity ,output change and apparent consumption of electrical steel in recent five years, were studied and analyzed in this paper ,as well as the future demands of transformer to high magnetic induction oriented electrical steel (HiB), and medium and small motors, large motors, household appliances, new energy vehicles, emerging fields, etc. to high grade (high efficiency, high magnetic induction) nonoriented electrical steel, and electric power, aerospace, medical devices and household appliances etc. to extremely thin electrical steel strip (the thickness less than 0.1 mm). At the same time, the demand of high performance electrical steel in China is predicted and some suggestions are put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Demand forecast and development suggestion of domesticnonoriented silicon steel in the next 15 years YUE Chongxiang, JIANG Yi, NI Weifeng, WU Shengjie, MA Han Electrical Steel    2021, 3 (5): 37-.   Abstract （288）      PDF（pc） （646KB）（1249）       Knowledge map    Save According to the development trend of domestic nonoriented silicon steel in recent ten years and the future development prospect of downstream industry, the demand of domestic nonoriented silicon steel in the next 15 years is predicted. It is estimated that by 2025, 2030 and 2035, the annual demand of nonoriented silicon steel in China will be 11.25 million tons, 13 million tons and 15 million tons respectively. Among them, the proportion of medium and high grade brands should be increased from 20% to 30%, 40% and 50% respectively. It is the general trend to focus on the development of medium and high grade nonoriented silicon steel. However, in the future, medium and high grade nonoriented silicon steel will face fierce market competition, so we should improve the market competitiveness from two aspects of product quality and cost control. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of new energy vehicles development and electrical steel demand for driving motors YAN Ming, XIAO Haihang, HUANG Xi, ZHANG Yandong Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (4): 1-.   Abstract （282）      PDF（pc） （1022KB）（1238）       Knowledge map    Save The impact and effectiveness of the policies for new energy vehicles on industrial development were analyzed and summarized, and the  future market capacity trend was predicted. Meanwhile the future market capacity of electrical steels used in electric vehicles was initially analyzed. These analysis results can provide a reference for companies concerned about the new energy vehicle industry and segment market.  Related Articles | Metrics

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New technology of annealing coating for electrical steel used in new energy vehicles XU Yanbo, YI Zhengxin Electrical Steel    2021, 3 (3): 43-.   Abstract （182）      PDF（pc） （418KB）（1131）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the product properties and production process requirements of high grade non oriented silicon steel for new energy vehicles, the new technologies of continuous annealing and coating line for electrical steel used in new energy auto in the WISDRI were introduced, such as: thin strip threading and stable operation, efficient cleaning, rapid heating and controlled cooling, uniform coating, intelligent manufacturing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on cold rolling equipment status and cold rolling technology of electrical steel ZHANG Fengquan, HU Wencai Electrical Steel    2019, 1 (2): 7-13.   Abstract （199）      PDF（pc） （1987KB）（1062）       Knowledge map    Save This paper introduced the cold rolling equipment of electrical steel in both domestic and international enterprises. Combining with the cold rolling equipment of electrical steel,the cold rolling technologies of highgrade electrical steel were also researched, which could give advice on related electrical steel grades and equipment selection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the production process and the demand of the extremely thin oriented electrical steel CHEN Zhuo Electrical Steel    2019, 1 (1): 5-7.   Abstract （197）      PDF（pc） （1315KB）（1010）       Knowledge map    Save This paper focuses on a kind of extremely thin oriented electrical steel with high frequency, whose thickness is 0.10 mm(0.08 mm), 0.05 mm, 0.03 mm, width is below 350 mm, and the frequency is between 400 and 3000 Hz. The product is mainly imported. In recent years, some enterprises have developed a kind of raw material of HiB oriented electrical steel without the glass film, and put it into use, which achieved obvious effect. The research shows that the appearance of the raw material of HiB oriented electrical steel without glass film changes the previous production process, mainly solves the problem of "bottle-neck" of removing surface coating and bottom layer of glass film, and reduces a working procedure. It lays an important foundation for stable production of extremely thin oriented electrical steel to realize localization and reduce import. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of magnetostriction of grain oriented silicon steel on magnetic domain structure ZHU Yechao, TIAN Wenzhou, LUO Zhonghan, HU Shoutian, SUN Liang, GUO Xiaolong, CHEN Xiangwei Electrical Steel    2019, 1 (1): 19-22.   Abstract （184）      PDF（pc） （1576KB）（995）       Knowledge map    Save It was summarized in this paper the factors which influence the magnetostriction of grain oriented silicon steel. The AcDc magnetic properties measurement device, magnetostriction measurement device and magnetic domain viewer were used to investigate the influence of permeability and domain structure on the magnetostriction of grain oriented silicon steel. It was found that the domain deviation angle has direct influence to the maximum negative magnetostriction; the wedgelike domain has great influence on the saturated magnetostriction；the wedgelike domain can be reduced by laser scribing and thus magnetostriction can be decreased. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of siliconizing and annealing on the organization andmagnetic properties of grain oriented silicon steel#br# YANG Xin, LIU Gang Electrical Steel    2021, 3 (2): 1-4.   Abstract （211）      PDF（pc） （640KB）（983）       Knowledge map    Save The changes of microstructure, phase and composition of 3 % grain oriented silicon steel after solid powder siliconizing and diffusion annealing as well as their effects on magnetic properties were studied. The results showed that wellstructured compound layer could be prepared on grain oriented silicon steel by infiltrating silicon at 950 ℃ for 6 minutes，and the surface phases were Fe3Si and FeSi. After diffusion annealing at 1 050 ℃ for 1 hour，annealed samples with good organization properties were obtained. When the annealing time was 2 hours, a homogenized sample with the mass fraction of silicon close to 6.5 % (6.43 %) was obtained，and the surface phase was the single αFe phase. After solid powder siliconizing and diffusion annealing，the medium and high frequency iron loss of the sample was significantly reduced by 50 %~86 %，and the iron loss reduction rate of the sample annealed for 1 hour was higher. After solid powder siliconizing and diffusion annealing，the magnetic induction intensity decreased slightly. Related Articles | Metrics

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The development and application of top grade grain oriented  electrical steels B18R055 and B20R060 MA Changsong, HU Zhuochao Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (5-6): 1-.   Abstract （357）      PDF（pc） （1408KB）（978）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, under the background of energy conservation and emission reduction, major countries in the world have issued mandatory high efficiency distribution transformer standards.Our country issued the new standard GB 20052-2013 in 2013, which was updated on May 29th 2020 and will be enforced in 2021. To meet the updated transformer standards and energy efficiency upgrade, it is important to enhance the magnetic properties of core materials. Baosteel had developed new products B18R055 and B20R060 in the fourth intelligent factory of silicon steel, which were successfully used for grade S15 energy efficiency distribution transformers. The typical properties of B20R060 product were two grades higher than the highest grade of international  silicon steel with the same thickness, and the B18R055 product is the lowest iron loss oriented silicon steel in the world. In this paper, the properties and transformer performance of B18R055 and B20R060 are introduced, expecting favorable for material selection of transformer manufacturers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Replacing oriented silicon steel with highgrade nonoriented silicon steel to make phaseshifting transformer core#br# RAO Xingning, ZHANG Zhengkang Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (1): 32-34.   Abstract （222）      PDF（pc） （750KB）（966）       Knowledge map    Save This paper introduced the design and manufacturing method of a phaseshifting transformer and its requirements for the quality of silicon steel, and put forward the method of making phaseshifting transformer core with the material of highgrade nonoriented silicon steel. The practice showed that the phaseshifting transformer made of highgrade nonoriented silicon steel can fully meet the national standards and user's requirements, which has little difference in performance with oriented silicon steel. And  most significantly, it has the advantage of greatly reducing material cost, reducing tranformer's noise and eventually improving the production efficiency, which has a wide application value. Related Articles | Metrics

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Equipment characteristics of annealing coating unit for silicon steel used in new energy vehicles in WISDRI (Xinyu) Cold Rolling New Material Technology Co. Ltd. XU Yanbo Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (2): 50-52.   Abstract （166）      PDF（pc） （690KB）（956）       Knowledge map    Save The annealing coating unit for high brand nonoriented silicon steel used in new energy vehicles in WISDRI (Xinyu) Cold Rolling New Material Technology Co. Ltd. was introduced in this paper, especially for the main technological equipments and their characteristics, such as high speed and high efficiency annealing coating unit, cleaning technology of green and energy saving and environmental protection , annealing furnace of high efficiency and energy conservation,  micro tension control technology for high temperature invironment in furnace, and some intelligent manufacturing technologies like intelligent mathematical mode of annealing furnace, intelligent model for predicting magnetic properties of silicon steel. The production practice showed that it can basically realizes the intelligent goal of the whole unit with fewer people, local unmanned and centralized control and monitoring. Related Articles | Metrics

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Precipitation behavior of sulfide inclusions and changes of microstructure and  electromagnetic properties in high sulfur nonoriented silicon steel sheets ZHANG Feng, WANG Bo, SHEN Kanyi Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (2): 1-7.   Abstract （163）      PDF（pc） （4444KB）（941）       Knowledge map    Save In order to find out the precipitation behavior of sulfide inclusions and the corresponding changes of microstructure and electromagnetic properties of high sulfur nonoriented silicon steel sheets, so that to design more suitable sulfur concentration controlling limit for industrial manufacture and to release the steelmaking difficulty effectively, the type and composition, the size and number, and the size distribution of sulfide inclusion and the changes of finished sample microstructure and electronmagnetic properties in 0.25 % Si non oriented silicon steel sheets with different sulfur content of 0.006 8 %, 0.010 2 %, 0.025 3 % and 0.035 3 %（mass fraction） were discussed by the methods of electrolysis extraction in a non aqueous solution and SEM/TEM. The results showed that for present work, as the increase of sulfur content from 0.006 8 %  to  0.035 3 %, the types of sulfide inclusions in steel will gradually change from MnS to MnS+Cu2S, even to Cu2S, together with the number increasing, while in terms of  size, some sulfide inclusions will get larger, and some will be found more small repectively, which cause the recrystallization structure of hot rolled strips getting bad and restrain the grain growth in finished steel sheets. And it can be also found that the iron loss and magnetic induction of finished steel sheet gradually get worse as the addtion of sulfur content in steel. That is, when the sulfur content increases by 0.01 % for average, the eddy loss, hysteresis loss will increase by 0.24 W/kg  and  0.41 W/kg  respectively, and correspondingly the magnetic induction will decrease by 0.009 T . But the iron loss can still be kept less than  6.0 W/kg  when the sulfur content gets to  0.010 2 % , and the magnetic induction kept more than  1.75 T  when the sulfur content gets to  0.025 5 % .These important conclusions can help in designing more suitable sulfur content controlling limit in production, which can both decrease the manufacturing cost and increase the production efficiency of steel making, on the premise of satisfying the requirements of high grade customers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Simulation analysis of coil temperature uniformity in inner cover of high temperature annealing furnace for oriented silicon steel#br# ZHOU Yujun, HU Shoutian, SHEN Xinyi, ZHOU Qianhua, DANG Ningyuan Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (1): 22-26.   Abstract （187）      PDF（pc） （1477KB）（933）       Knowledge map    Save The temperature distribution of inner cover was studied by using a simulating software of FLUENT to simulate the hearth model , the single inner cover model and the temperature optimization model of an annular furnace, then an improvement scheme of temperature uniformity was proposed and tested by experiment. The results showed that the temperature difference and magnetic uniformity between top and bottom of the steel coil were successfully optimized by superimposing a heat insulation material on the side of the coil base, which can provide supports for the improvement in magnetic properties of oriented silicon steel. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of performance simulation of iron core and electromagnetic characteristics of 0.18 mm grainoriented silicon steel with ultralow loss#br# CHENG Ling, MA Guang, HU Zhuochao, GONG Weiguo,  YANG Fuyao, MENG Li, DONG Han, CHEN Xin Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (1): 15-21.   Abstract （220）      PDF（pc） （2869KB）（923）       Knowledge map    Save The development of S15 type ultrahigh energy efficiency transformer based on low loss grainoriented (GO) silicon steel is of great significance for further promoting energy saving and efficiency enhancing of power grid. The magnetic properties and magnetostrictive characteristics of 0.18 mm GO steel, 1K101-S and 1K102-P amorphous alloy were studied using measurement system under arbitrary waveform of magnetic induction. The core losses of 0.18 mm GO steel under harmonic and DCbias were analyzed, and the modeling and simulation analysis of iron core as well as winding of S15 type transformer were carried out by using the MagNet finite element software. When the magnetic flux density is 1.35 T, the core loss of 18QH065 GO steel is as low as 0.349 W/kg, which is approach to the level of amorphous alloy. The magnetic induction B800 of GO steel is 0.32-0.40 T higher than that of amorphous alloy strip. The magnetostrictive coefficient of GO silicon steel is 0.29×10-6, which is lower than that of amorphous alloy by one order of magnitude. Besides, the harmonic loss of 0.18 mm silicon steel is significantly lower than that of 0.23-0.30 mm silicon steels, and the third and fifth harmonic losses under content of 10 % increased by 12.9 % and 16.0 % respectively. DC bias (0-150 A/m) has an obvious effect on the core loss of 0.18 mm GO steel under low magnetic flux density (MFD), while the loss is almost the same after MFD higher than 1.9 T. Finally, the noload loss of designed 10 kV/630 kVA transformer is 392.5 W (31.1 % lower than that of transformer with firstgrade energy efficiency in standard of GB 20052-2013), and the noise is about 10 dB lower than that of amorphous alloy transformer with the same capacity, which means significant advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the development change and the demand of electrical steel in China in the new era#br# CHEN Zhuo Electrical Steel    2019, 1 (2): 1-6.   Abstract （183）      PDF（pc） （1657KB）（923）       Knowledge map    Save The manufacturing technologies and the quality of electrical steel were taken as an important symbol to measure the production and the technological level of a country' s steel products. This paper studied the development changes of electrical steel in China, introduced the development course of China' s electrical steel industry from nothing to existence and from weakness to strength, from the aspects of the production capacity, the output, the apparent consumption, the import and export quantity, the production and technology, and so on. Meanwhile the positive policies, the adverse factors, the downstream industries related with electrical steel were analyzed, the demand growth of electrical steel in China was forecast, and some suggestions were put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and development on high-strength silicon steel application technology of new generation new energy vehicle driving motor#br# LI Yulin, LI Jianwei , TIAN Baozhi, ZHANG Hang, PEI Ruilin Electrical Steel    2021, 3 (6): 8-.   Abstract （188）      PDF（pc） （946KB）（918）       Knowledge map    Save The characteristics of the motors used in electric drive cars and the requirements for silicon steel were described, and the electromagnetic properties and mechanical properties of high yield strength nonoriented silicon steel and traditional nonoriented silicon steel were compared and analyzed by experiment. Through the verification and analysis of the finite element model, the highyieldstrength silicon steel motor can achieve the characteristics of low loss and high mechanical strength at high speed, which can help for the application of soft magnetic materials and the optimization of motor structure to form a closed-loop mode. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and characterization of oriented high silicon steel LIU Gang, TANG Baijin, LIU Xinli, LEI ming, ZHEN Xiaofeng Electrical Steel    2019, 1 (1): 8-10.   Abstract （206）      PDF（pc） （1136KB）（894）       Knowledge map    Save The structure, phase, texture and magnetic properties of the samples of the finished grain oriented silicon steel with Si content of 3% were tested and analyzed after solid siliconizing and diffusion annealing by pack cementation. The results showed that: the silicon permeable layer with smooth surface, dense interior and good bonding with matrix can be prepared on the oriented silicon steel with Si content of 3 % in a short time (10 min) under the condition of 800 ℃ and silicon powder + (mass fraction 0.5 %) halide + filler, and Goss texture can be completely retained with high frequency iron loss reduced significantly (37 %~63 %) after diffusion annealing. It has been proved that solid silicon osmosis technology can prepare oriented high silicon steel with excellent magnetic properties. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental research on silicon steel 100AW800DC for iron core material of high performance electromagnetic switch JIANG Fujian , GAO Zhenyu , LI Yuanhua, ZHANG Renbo, LIU Wenpeng, LI Hao, CHEN Dongmei, LIU Haitao Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (4): 17-.   Abstract （171）      PDF（pc） （916KB）（879）       Knowledge map    Save A silicon steel 100AW800DC, which is one of the iron core material of high performance electromagnetic switch, has been successfully developed by combining industrial production with laboratory annealing experiment. Its performance has reached the advanced level of electromagnetic switch iron core material. And the electromagnetic properties will be the best when the transverse thickness deviation is about 26 μm and the range of average grain size from 60 μm to 80 μm. Through simulated annealing experiment of production line, the properties of 100AW800DC with the lowest core loss P1.5/50 of  5.826 3 W/kg, magnetic induction intensity B2500 of 1.631 8 T, hardness HV5 of 159 and yield strength Rp0.2 of 324 MPa can be obtained in the condition of heating time 4 min44 s at 870 ℃. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of factors affecting insulation performance of oriented silicon steel LIU Ting, HU Shoutian, LIU Min, DU Yuquan, TIAN Wenzhou, CHEN Bo, SONG Gang, JIANG Jie, FU Gang Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (1): 48-51.   Abstract （219）      PDF（pc） （1071KB）（877）       Knowledge map    Save Insulation performance is an important index of oriented silicon steel. The effects of the coating sintering temperature, the silica sol content in coating solution and the coating amount on the insulation property of the oriented silicon steel were studied in this paper. And the research indicated: As the sintering temperature increases, microscopic cracks gradually appear on the coating surface. After the annealing temperature reaches 900 ℃, the coating surface cracks will increase sharply and lead to the decrease of the coating insulation. At the same sintering temperature, increasing the content of SiO2 in the coating solution will lead to micro-cracks on the coating surface, which is not conductive to the insulation performance of the coating. At the same sintering temperature, increasing the coating amount is beneficial to increasing the interlayer resistance of the steel plate. When the sintering temperature is 850 ℃ and the coating amount is 6 g/m2, the interlayer resistance of the steel plate can reach 82.6 Ω·cm2. Related Articles | Metrics