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Interpretation of GB 18613-2020 "Minimum allowable values of energyefficiency and values of efficiency grades for motors"#br# HUANG Jian Electrical Steel    2021, 3 (1): 33-.   Abstract （727）      PDF（pc） （404KB）（543）       Knowledge map    Save The standard of GB 18613 is an important mandatory national standard in the small and mediumsized motor industry.The development process of the standard was briefly described in this paper, and the changes of the newly issued national standard GB 18613-2020, the impact on the small and mediumsized motor industry and the demand for electrical steel were also introduced.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (5-6): 48-.   Abstract （469）      PDF（pc） （718KB）（325）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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The development and application of top grade grain oriented  electrical steels B18R055 and B20R060 MA Changsong, HU Zhuochao Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (5-6): 1-.   Abstract （346）      PDF（pc） （1408KB）（836）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, under the background of energy conservation and emission reduction, major countries in the world have issued mandatory high efficiency distribution transformer standards.Our country issued the new standard GB 20052-2013 in 2013, which was updated on May 29th 2020 and will be enforced in 2021. To meet the updated transformer standards and energy efficiency upgrade, it is important to enhance the magnetic properties of core materials. Baosteel had developed new products B18R055 and B20R060 in the fourth intelligent factory of silicon steel, which were successfully used for grade S15 energy efficiency distribution transformers. The typical properties of B20R060 product were two grades higher than the highest grade of international  silicon steel with the same thickness, and the B18R055 product is the lowest iron loss oriented silicon steel in the world. In this paper, the properties and transformer performance of B18R055 and B20R060 are introduced, expecting favorable for material selection of transformer manufacturers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of blanking process on bluing insulation of blanking surface of cast aluminum core LIU Qingsong, PEI Yinghao, SHI Lifa, HE Zhijian, XIA Xuelan, CHENG Guoqing Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (3): 29-33.   Abstract （342）      PDF（pc） （1010KB）（747）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the influence of blanking process on the insulation of blanking surface of cast aluminum core, highprecision shearing machine was used to simulate the influence of different gaps on the section morphology and burr height of nonoriented silicon steel used for constant frequency compressor after blanking, and then the influence of different blanking process on the blue insulation of blanking surface of cast aluminum core was determined. The results showed that, as the relative clearance of blanking increased from 8 % to 18 %, the proportion of bright zone in cross section decreased from 72.5 % to 45.5 %, and the reaction time of cupric sulfate titration increased from 191 s to 232 s, and the burr height increased from 2.6 μm to 9.1 μm. The optimal die clearance of nonoriented silicon steel for constant frequency compressor should be controlled between 10 % and 15 %. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analytical calculation and prediction method of electrical steel consumption for traction motor of new energy vehicle MA Deji, LI Jianwei, ZHANG Hang, PEI Ruilin Electrical Steel    2022, 4 (2): 18-.   Abstract （331）      PDF（pc） （1464KB）（435）       Knowledge map    Save The current market and future market size of new energy vehicles and traction motors were analyzed, and the total amount of electrical steels used in traction motors in China from January to November 2021 was derived by using self-built calculation formulas, and then the situation in the next ten years of electrical steel used in traction motors of new energy vehicles in China was predicted. It will provide a valuable reference for the production of nongrain oriented electrical steel and its application in motors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Troubleshooting and solution of the spot cooling system  problems of  single stand reversing mill Fu Junfa Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (3): 43-47.   Abstract （329）      PDF（pc） （959KB）（578）       Knowledge map    Save In viewing of the troubles occurred in the running process of  the spot cooling system of the single stand reversing mill in Cold Rolling Plant of Maanshan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd., and combining with long time's solving experience , the troubleshooting and solution was systematically researched and summarized in this paper. Then two diagrams were refined which can helpfully find out the reason and solution of occuring problem of the spot cooling system. The actual pratice showed that this method can successfully and rapidly solve many problems of the spot cooling system.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Cause analysis and countermeasures of hydrographic defects in hot rolled pickling plate of oriented silicon Steel#br# XIONG Zhiwei, YANG Xiuzhi, WANG Zirong, ZOU Wei Electrical Steel    2022, 4 (3): 17-.   Abstract （326）      PDF（pc） （1081KB）（188）       Knowledge map    Save In view of the water print defects on the surface of common oriented silicon steel during the secondary pickling process, the defect types were determined by means of the analysis of the microcosmic characteristics of the defects and the elemental analysis of the energy spectrum in the defect area, and the causes were determined according to the analysis of the production correlative factors. The results showed that the roughness difference on the surface after secondary pickling was the direct cause of hydrographic defects. Production correlation analysis showed that the residual amount of iron oxide in the adsorbed area of corrosion inhibitor was related to the concentration of corrosion inhibitor in acid solution. The defect rate of the pickling water imprint was reduced from 18.73 % to 0 % by draining acid tank and circulating tank and reducing acid temperature at the initial stage of pickling plan. Related Articles | Metrics

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Steelmaking production practice of high grade non oriented silicon steel 50W350 CHEN Zhenwen, XIE Kai , YIN Zhenzhi, LIU Peng Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (3): 14-17.   Abstract （307）      PDF（pc） （618KB）（736）       Knowledge map    Save The steelmaking production of high grade nonoriented silicon steel 50W350 was introduced at Lianyuan Iron and Steel Group Co.，Ltd.(Liangang), from production organization, preparation of raw and auxiliary materials to process and composition control. And the ladle top slag, continuous casting protection slag and inclusion were also briefly analyzed and studied. The production practice showed that Liangang has the ability to produce high grade nonoriented silicon steel 50W350, of which the trail production has reached the expected target, meeting customers’ requirement on quality. Related Articles | Metrics

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Development overview and trend Analysis of  electric drive system of new energy vehicle GAO Lingyu, ZHOU Huijun, WANG Cheng, PEI Ruilin Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (1): 27-31.   Abstract （298）      PDF（pc） （723KB）（1473）       Knowledge map    Save The development history and market status of new energy electric systems for new energy vehicles(EV), and their developments of electric drive systems, vehicle types and new electric motors and future trends, have been analyzed and researched in this paper, which has certain help to guide the application of electric steel and other materials to new energy vehicles. Related Articles | Metrics

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Introduction of thin gauge grain-oriented electrical steel products of  Baosteel and their application in power transformers SHEN Kanyi, MA Changsong, MU Huaichen Electrical Steel    2021, 3 (4): 7-.   Abstract （293）      PDF（pc） （1332KB）（720）       Knowledge map    Save As the fourth intelligent plant of silicon steel put into production, Baosteel has formed six series,more than 50 brands of grain-oriented electrical steel products, such as P series of high magnetic induction grain-oriented electrical steel, R series of laser scribing grain-oriented electrical steel, G series of ordinary grain-oriented electrical steel,LM series of low noise grain-oriented electrical steel,W/Y/Z series of special coating grain-oriented electrical steel, and HS series of heat resistant grain-oriented electrical steel, which can meet the needs of different customers. In this paper, the application of Baosteel's thin gauge grain oriented electrical steel products, especially B23R075, B20R070 and B18R060 were introduced for power transformer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Examination and analysis of the point bare crystals in grain oriented silicon steels YANG Ping, LIU Liying, MA Dandan, ZHANG Haili, JIA Zhiwei, DONG Chenxin Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (3): 1-8.   Abstract （282）      PDF（pc） （3689KB）（722）       Knowledge map    Save Bare crystal is one of surface quality problems and may show its features in different extents, such as point bare crystal in small scale or large areas of bare crystals. The morphologies and local compositions of some kinds of point bare crystals in low temperature heated and nitriding grain oriented steels were examined in this paper, and the possible reasons for their formation were analyzed and suggested. The results showed that at least three kinds of point bare crystals are observed, namely, the one containing only steel matrix compositions without glass layer and insulating layer, the one that contains insulating layer but without glass layers and the one that contains a Mgrich ring band around it and lose its glass layer or insulating layer in different extents in the center. The reasons of the formation of the point bare crystals should be diverse because of the variety in their morphologies and local composition. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of new energy vehicles development and electrical steel demand for driving motors YAN Ming, XIAO Haihang, HUANG Xi, ZHANG Yandong Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (4): 1-.   Abstract （273）      PDF（pc） （1022KB）（1003）       Knowledge map    Save The impact and effectiveness of the policies for new energy vehicles on industrial development were analyzed and summarized, and the  future market capacity trend was predicted. Meanwhile the future market capacity of electrical steels used in electric vehicles was initially analyzed. These analysis results can provide a reference for companies concerned about the new energy vehicle industry and segment market.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and properties of  3.0 % Si cold rolled non-oriented silicon steel LIU Qingsong, PEI Yinghao, SHI Lifa, XIA Xuelan, CHENG Guoqing, QI Xuan Electrical Steel    2022, 4 (2): 9-.   Abstract （262）      PDF（pc） （1720KB）（445）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure and electromagnetic properties of a thin gauge 3.0 %Si non-oriented silicon steel, the effects of different annealing temperatures on electromagnetic properties, microstructure and texture of cold rolled 0.25 mm thick 3.0 %Si nonoriented silicon steel were simulated by means of a multi atmosphere continuous annealing furnace. The results showed that, the iron loss P1.5/50 and P1.5/400 gradually decreased as the annealing temperature increased from 850 ℃ to 975 ℃. When the annealing temperature exceeded 950 ℃, the iron loss P1.5/50 was about 1.47 W/kg, and when the annealing temperature exceeded 975 ℃, the iron loss P1.5/400 gradually increased. As the increase of annealing temperature, the increase of hard magnetize textures of {111}〈121〉, {111}〈110〉 etc. was faster than {001} texture, and the magnetic induction B50 was decreased. Considering the effect of annealing temperature on magnetic induction and iron loss, better electromagnetic properties can be obtained when the annealing temperature is 975 ℃, then the critical grain size is 125 μm. The optimum annealing temperature in industrial production is 950~975 ℃. Related Articles | Metrics

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Demand forecast and development suggestion of domesticnonoriented silicon steel in the next 15 years YUE Chongxiang, JIANG Yi, NI Weifeng, WU Shengjie, MA Han Electrical Steel    2021, 3 (5): 37-.   Abstract （262）      PDF（pc） （646KB）（1043）       Knowledge map    Save According to the development trend of domestic nonoriented silicon steel in recent ten years and the future development prospect of downstream industry, the demand of domestic nonoriented silicon steel in the next 15 years is predicted. It is estimated that by 2025, 2030 and 2035, the annual demand of nonoriented silicon steel in China will be 11.25 million tons, 13 million tons and 15 million tons respectively. Among them, the proportion of medium and high grade brands should be increased from 20% to 30%, 40% and 50% respectively. It is the general trend to focus on the development of medium and high grade nonoriented silicon steel. However, in the future, medium and high grade nonoriented silicon steel will face fierce market competition, so we should improve the market competitiveness from two aspects of product quality and cost control. Related Articles | Metrics

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Cause and treatment method of the longitudinal cutting burr of cold rolled silicon steel CS unit LIU Yongan Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (2): 21-25.   Abstract （260）      PDF（pc） （770KB）（618）       Knowledge map    Save The causes of the longitudinal cutting burr of cold rolled silicon steel CS unit were described, on which the influences of the factors such as the side clearance, overlap, precision and edge state of the cutting edge, and the accuracy of the longitudinal shearing machine were analyzed. Then the treatment method of dealing with the longitudinal cutting burr error was put forward, that was applying a designed new burr cleaning device. The practice showed that the finished product burr of cold rolled silicon steel has been successfully controlled in less than 0.01 mm by using the new device, which can satisfy  customers' requirements, and make great reference to improve the shear quality and the yield.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative inspection and analysis of surface quality of grain oriented silicon steel products#br# ZHANG Haili, JIA Zhiwei, MA Dandan, LI Li, WANG Xianglong, YANG Ping Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (4): 31-.   Abstract （259）      PDF（pc） （3302KB）（631）       Knowledge map    Save The surface quality indexes of grain oriented silicon steel plates/sheets from three different enterprises were tested. The microstructure and chemical composition of the surface layers were examined by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer. Comparing the surface quality indexes and microstructures of the samples from different enterprises, it is observed that both the surface layer qualities and the surface insulation resistances of the three products are different. The surface insulation resistance of A product is higher than B and C products, with the equivalent of the surface insulation resistance of B and C products. The coating adhesion and corrosion resistance of B and C products are better than those of A product. From the analysis of morphology and composition, it can be concluded that one reason for the high surface insulation resistance of A product is the thick insulation layer, and the good adhesion level of B and C products is due to the large spinal/particles pinned on the matrix or close to magnesium forsterite, and the corrosion resistance of A product decreases due to the microcracks on the insulating layer surface.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Causes analysis of the surface white stripe defect on grain oriented silicon steel WANG Zirong, YANG Xiuzhi, XIONG Zhiwei, LI Jiangbo, CAI Miao Electrical Steel    2021, 3 (2): 5-10.   Abstract （258）      PDF（pc） （1237KB）（772）       Knowledge map    Save The causes of white stripe defects on the surface of grain oriented silicon steel were analyzed. The surface morphology was observed by threedimensional video microscope, the crosssection morphology of the steel and the surface morphology of the defect area after pickling were observed by field emission scanning electron microscope, and the energy spectrum composition was analyzed by energy spectrum analyzer. The analysis result showed that there was elliptical insulation layer falling off in the white stripe defect, and the magnesium silicate substrate in the defect area was abnormal, of which the thickness was much thicker than the normal area. It indicated that the white stripe defect area had been damaged before coating magnesium oxide. After pickling, the spicules with the main composition of O, Al and Si were found in the defect area of white stripe. It was found that the spicules originated from the refractory used in decarburization annealing furnace. The refractory fiber fell and adhered into the surface of the steel strip during decarburization annealing, and was pressed into the strip surface in the process of secondary rolling, which destroyed the oxide film, and affected the formation of the magnesium silicate substrate, and caused the white strip defect on the surface of the steel production after high temperature annealing. This kind of defect has been eliminated by improving the use method of insulating refractory fiber. Related Articles | Metrics

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Technology of high efficiency utilization of pure water in continuous annealing  coating unit of non oriented electrical steel DUAN Jiangao, LIU Jinxue, HE Jiafeng Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (5-6): 34-.   Abstract （257）      PDF（pc） （560KB）（702）       Knowledge map    Save The technology of high efficiency utilization of pure water in continuous annealing coating unit of nonoriented electrical steel was introduced in this paper. Through the gradual overflow recovery and utilization of pure water in each circulating tank and circulating tank in the precleaning and postcleaning section, and further using the pure water, which was in the high pressure spray tank before its utilization at the end, to configure a certain concentration of alkali, and meanwhile adjusting and optimizing the startup and shutdown conditions of the tranfer pump from postcleaning to precleaning and the interlocking conditions, the postcleaning pure water can be of no overflow and completely transport to the front cleaning section, achieving water balance, and greatly improving the rate of pure water utilization. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on production capacity and demand of high performance electrical steel in China#br# CHEN Zhuo Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (1): 1-8.   Abstract （256）      PDF（pc） （1241KB）（1164）       Knowledge map    Save High performance electrical steel is one of the important raw material products indispensable for the modernization construction, highquality development and people's life in China. It is also the development direction of highquality development, product upgrading, energy conservation and environmental protection of electrical steel industry in China.The production capacity of electrical steel, the capacity of normalization (acid pickling), the capacity ,output change and apparent consumption of electrical steel in recent five years, were studied and analyzed in this paper ,as well as the future demands of transformer to high magnetic induction oriented electrical steel (HiB), and medium and small motors, large motors, household appliances, new energy vehicles, emerging fields, etc. to high grade (high efficiency, high magnetic induction) nonoriented electrical steel, and electric power, aerospace, medical devices and household appliances etc. to extremely thin electrical steel strip (the thickness less than 0.1 mm). At the same time, the demand of high performance electrical steel in China is predicted and some suggestions are put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Patent technology analysis of cold rolled oriented silicon  steel coating applied in China HU Zhiqiang, ZHANG Wenkang Electrical Steel    2020, 2 (3): 48-52.   Abstract （254）      PDF（pc） （607KB）（737）       Knowledge map    Save The patent quantity of cold rolled oriented silicon steel coating and distribution of technology fields applied in China from 1999 to 2019 were summarized. The analysis results indicated that，there are 121 patents of coldrolled oriented silicon steel coating applied in China, 96 patents applied by native producers and 25 patents applied by abroad producers．The typical patent technology include improving forsterrite quality, no forming forsterrite, containing chromate insulating coating and chromiumfree and environment friendly coating and so on，The developing trend of silicon steel coating is mainly chromiumfree and environment friendly insulating coating． Related Articles | Metrics