The microstructure and texture of 35W300 high-grade non-oriented silicon steel in hot-rolled plate, normalized plate, cold-rolled plate, and annealed plate states were characterized using optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The evolution of microstructure and texture in 35W300 was investigated. The results indicate that: The hot-rolled plate exhibits fine equiaxed grains in the surface layer, a transition layer containing both banded structure and fine equiaxed grains, and a central layer with banded structure. The surface layer contains Goss and Brass textures, while the quarter-thickness layer and central layer primarily show α-fiber and γ-fiber textures. The normalized plate displays equiaxed grains with an average grain size of （109.1±10） μm. The surface texture consists of Goss and Brass components, whereas the quarter-thickness and central layers are dominated by α*-fiber texture. The cold-rolled plate microstructure contains shear bands and deformation bands. Both surface and central layers exhibit similar textures dominated by α-fiber and γ-fiber components. The annealed plate demonstrates homogeneous equiaxed grains with an average grain size of （89.5±10） μm. Both surface and central layers show similar textures characterized by α*-fiber and γ-fiber components. This systematic characterization reveals the progressive evolution of microstructure and texture through different processing stages, providing insights into the structure--property relationships of high-grade non-oriented silicon steel.

Non-oriented silicon steel, as a key material for driving motors and motor cores, has a thin thickness, high Si and Al content, high brittleness, and severe edge cracking during cold rolling production, which seriously affects the yield rate. Based on the composition and process characteristics of nonoriented silicon steel, this article analyzes and summarizes the research on the causes of edge cracking in cold rolling of nonoriented silicon steel at home and abroad, and proposes directions for further research and exploration in the future.

With the high-speed development of drive motors for new energy vehicles, the core loss and its resultant increase in motor temperature have received widespread attention. Silicon steel material as the main material of the drive motor core, involved in electromagnetic energy transmission and conversion, while generating core loss. This is the main loss of motor equipment, which directly affects the efficiency of the motor, and with the development of high-speed motor, the core loss accounts for a larger proportion. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately analyze and calculate the core loss of silicon steel materials, through the test of the core loss of four kinds of silicon steel materials commonly used or with the potential of high-speed motor application of oriented silicon steel, non-oriented silicon steel, ultra-thin silicon steel and high-strength silicon steel, and analyzed the change rule of its core loss at different frequencies. Based on the loss separation model, the influence of magnetic field frequency on the hysteresis loss coefficient and eddy current loss coefficient of the iron loss model is analyzed, which provides a reference for the calculation of the core loss of silicon steel materials and the optimization of the loss model.

]Kinetics behavior of MnS and AlN particles nucleation precipitation in low temperature grain oriented silicon steel at different heating temperatures during hot rolling was calculated and analyzed by using thermodynamics and kinetics interrelated theory．The results showed that the critical nucleation size of dislocation nucleation is the smallest. AlN particles are nucleated preferentially under the homogeneous nucleation and dislocation nucleation mechanisms, while the MnS particles are nucleated preferentially under the grain boundary nucleation mechanism. The main nucleation mechanism of MnS particles is grain boundary nucleation. The main nucleation mechanism of AlN particles is dislocation nucleation at the temperature below 1 323 K. During the hot rolling process, the precipitation time of AlN particles is the shortest at grain boundary when the temperature is higher than 1 425 K, while it is the shortest at dislocation when the temperature is below 1 425 K. The precipitation behavior of MnS particles is consistent with that of AlN particles, but the corresponding temperature is 1 450 K. After the slab is rolled out, AlN and MnS mainly precipitate at grain boundaries. After the rough rolling process, with the increase of deformation amount and the rise of dislocation density, it is conducive to the precipitation of inhibitors along dislocations.

The thermodynamic software JMat Pro was used to calculate the density, resistivity, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity of non-oriented silicon steel with varying contents of Si (3.0 %~3.6 %), Al (0.5 %~1.5 %), and Mn (0.3 %~0.9 %). The effects of Si, Al, and Mn contents on the physical properties of non-oriented silicon steel were analyzed. The results indicate that within the temperature range of 25~500 ℃, the density of non-oriented silicon steel decreases with increasing element content. For example, at 300 ℃, when the Al content increases from 0.5 % to 1.5 % while maintaining Si and Mn contents at 3 % and 0.3 %, respectively, the density decreases by 0.8 %; when the Si content increases from 3.0 % to 3.6 % while keeping Al and Mn contents at 0.8 % and 0.3 %, respectively, the density decreases by 0.53 %; and when the Mn content increases from 0.3 % 
to 0.9 % while maintaining Si and Al contents at 3 % and 0.8 %, respectively, the density changes are negligible. Regarding resistivity, at 
300 ℃, the Al content has the most significant impact, with a resistivity increase of 16.42 % when it increases from 0.5 % to 1.5 %; the Si content increases by 5.63 % when it rises from 3.0 % to 3.6 %, whereas the Mn content only causes a 2.82 % increase in resistivity. Specific heat capacity gradually increases with temperature within the range of 25~700 ℃. For example, at 300 ℃, the specific heat capacity increases by 0.52 % when the Si content rises from 3.0 % to 3.6 %, and by 1.04 % when the Al content increases from 0.5 % to 1.5 %, while the increase is only 0.35 % for Mn content rising from 0.3 % to 0.9 %. Thermal conductivity exhibits clear temperature dependent behavior: within the range of 0~800 ℃, it decreases significantly with increasing temperature due to higher Si and Al contents; however, there is no significant change in the 800~1 400 ℃ range, and Mn content variations do not show a strong correlation with changes in thermal conductivity.

The problem of excessive width at the head and tail of hotrolled electrical steel coils is a common production difficulty faced by domestic steel mills. This article mainly described the independent development of a rough rolling vertical roll AFC and SIN curve short stroke control model by model personnel through onsite data analysis and production tracking debugging, which improved the quality of the head and tail width of hotrolled electrical steel, effectively reduced the high point and ultra wide range of the head and tail width of hotrolled raw material coils, and thus reduced the incidence of edge breakage or even strip breakage accidents caused by scratching the guide rollers of the rolling mill in the next process due to the ultra wide head and tail of the strip steel. This technology is of reference significance for improving the yield of electrical steel production lines.

In viewing of the local high point problem occurred in the production process of hot-rolled non-oriented silicon steel, a thorough analysis of the production process was conducted to accurately identify the key factors affecting the formation of local high points, including rolling process parameters, edge temperature drop of strip steel, and roll wear. Based on this, a series of effective improvement measures have been proposed, including optimizing the rolling process, controlling the edge temperature drop, adding a rolling mill wear model, and adopting asynchronous sine roll shifting strategy for downstream stands. The practical results strongly indicated that these measures significantly reduced the incidence of local high points, greatly improved product quality, and provided solid theoretical basis and valuable practical guidance for quality control in hot-rolled non-oriented silicon steel production.

By sampling the head, middle, and tail sections of 50W600 non-oriented silicon steel, the causes of magnetic property variations were analyzed through grain size and texture evolution. The results demonstrate that grain size is the primary factor influencing iron loss in nonoriented silicon steel. Due to the larger average grain size in middle section samples and smaller grains in head/tail sections, the middle section exhibits lower iron loss compared to higher values in head/tail regions. The increased proportion of favorable textures {100} and {110} enhances magnetic induction intensity. Middle section samples show stronger magnetic induction owing to their higher content of {100} and {110} textures, while reduced proportions of these textures in head/tail sections result in lower magnetic induction.

Silicon steel is one of the important products in the national energy strategy. With the increase in the demand for silicon steel products and the business expansion of major silicon steel manufacturers, there are an increasing number of specifications for silicon steel products. How to improve the adaptability of the silicon steel production model, especially the rolling model, effectively enhance rolling stability, reduce strip breakage, and thus improve production volume and quality has always been a hot topic among enterprises. In a newly built single-stand rolling mill project, the independent development of the L2 system and model was completed through independent integration.

This research explores the energy-saving technologies and solutions for hot-rolling descaling systems. It describes the current energy-consumption status and operating conditions of the system. Through an in-depth analysis of the operating conditions of the hot-rolling descaling system, it is divided into four stages: energy storage and pressure increase, minimum-flow protection, speed-reduction for energy-saving, and production resumption. The applications of variable-frequency speed-regulation technology, hydraulic coupling speed-regulation technology, optimized accumulator configuration, and intelligent control systems are briefly discussed. Based on the working-condition characteristics of the descaling system and combined with the significant advantages of multi-technology collaborative applications in energy-saving, a comprehensive energy-saving solution is proposed.