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    Current status and development direction of electrical steel in China
    ZHANG Fengquan, ZHANG Weilin, SUN Wenquan
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (4): 1-.  
    Abstract102)      PDF(pc) (2417KB)(272)       Save
    Analyzed the current situation of electrical steel in China from the aspects of production, import and export volume, product structure changes, standards, grades, and magnetic induction changes in recent years. By analyzing the changes in the price index of electrical steel in the past two years, it is demonstrated that it conforms to normal market rules. The development direction of electrical steel is proposed from three aspects: electrical steel products, process technology,and process equipment, and several suggestions for electrical steel standards are proposed.
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    Research status of laser scoring to reduce the iron loss of grain-oriented electrical steel
    ZHANG Jiasheng, ZHANG Jianzhi, LIU Ting
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (4): 45-.  
    Abstract99)      PDF(pc) (530KB)(210)       Save
    Laser marking is an effective means to reduce the iron loss of grainoriented electrical steel, and it is also the only marking technology that has been widely used in industry. In this paper, various techniques for refining grainoriented electrical steel magnetic domains and their advantages and disadvantages are listed. The types, characteristics and research status of laser scoring systems are reviewed, and the development of laser scoring technology is prospected.


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    Analysis and control of emulsion residue on electrical steel surface of single stand cold rolling mill
    WANG Xiaolei, LI Dejun, ZHU Rongxin
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (3): 31-.  
    Abstract90)      PDF(pc) (667KB)(154)       Save
    In response to the increasing occurrence of residual quality defects resulting from emulsion on the surface of electrical steel chilled strip, a field investigation was conducted. The working efficiency of equipment was enhanced through process parameter debugging and modification. Aging equipment pipelines were replaced to minimize emulsion pollution caused by running, bubbling, dripping, and leaking. Additionally, a compressed air purging device was added to improve the capacity of the purging system. By installing splash guard and reducing purging difficulty, the emulsion spots have been resolved. This improvement enhanced the surface quality of strip steel and reduced fuel consumption.
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    Development and application research of non-oriented silicon steel technology for driving motors in new energy vehicles
    ZHANG Baolei, HU Zhiyuan, AN Dongyang, LIU Gongtao, CHENG Lin, ZHU Yuxiu, LI Guanglin, LI Zelin
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (5): 1-7.  
    Abstract82)      PDF(pc) (1628KB)(182)       Save
    Starting from the actual demand for new energy vehicles, Shougang Zhixin has successively conquered the ultra-low iron loss and magnetic induction enhancement control technology of high-grade non-oriented silicon steel, as well as the key manufacturing technology of ultra-high strength electrical steel. It has successfully developed 5 series, including low iron loss series, high magnetic induction series, ultra-high magnetic induction series, high-strength low iron loss series, and more than 20 specialized non-oriented silicon steel products, and has achieved the world’s first in the 35SWYS900 and 25SW1250H brand products. Applied research showed that the use of new development non-oriented silicon steel products in the drive motors of EV’s can help improve the efficiency, torque, and power density of the drive motors.
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    Development of BRQ for hotrolled base material of oriented silicon steel in Benxi Steel#br#
    LI Dejun, ZHANG Bing, WANG Fei, ZHU Rongxin
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (4): 40-.  
    Abstract81)      PDF(pc) (1134KB)(267)       Save
    The development of oriented silicon steel hotrolled base materials combining the equipment conditions of Benxi Steel was introduced in this paper. The smelting and hot rolling process of oriented silicon steel BRQ hot rolling base material were designed based on the characteristics and limit conditions of steelmaking and continuous casting equipment at Benxi Steel, solving the problem of casting billet structure caused by electric stirring without secondary cooling section, as well as the problems of hot rolling slab heating furnace loading, temperature and time control, temperature drop, speed and stability in the rough and fine rolling area of the 3/4 continuous rolling unit. Through process optimization, a process and production plan corresponding to limited equipment conditions were formed, achieving stable production of oriented silicon steel hotrolled base material BRQ.
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    The influence of oxide layer thickness in decarburized plateon the forsterite film of Hi-B steel
    PANG Shufang, YOU Qinglei, JANG Qiwu, JIA Zhewei, LUO Li
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (4): 17-.  
    Abstract79)      PDF(pc) (1705KB)(192)       Save
    ThermoCalc software was used to simulate the oxidation process of decarburized annealing plates for oriented silicon steel, and the oxides that can be generated with different pH2O/pH2 were analyzed. During decarburization annealing at 800 ℃,It was found that when the range of pH2O/pH2 values was 0.19~23, the oxidation products were FeO and Fe2SiO4. Using a glow spectrometer to analyze the oxide layers of three different decarburized annealing plates with different oxygen contents, as well as the surface characteristics of the corresponding finished plates. Found out than the total oxygen content of decarburized annealed plates is different, but the oxygen content in the surface is alike, all of which are very high. As the oxygen content in the decarburized annealing plate increases, the thickness of the oxide layer increases.The oxygen content in the surface insulation film of the three finished boards is almost the same, and the forsterite film in the finished board corresponding to the decarburized annealing board with the thickest oxide layer is also the thickest, and the spinel is the deepest.
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    Mechanism analysis and solution measures for nodulation of furnace roller carbon sleeve for annealing furnace roller of silicon steel#br#
    YU Haomiao, TANG Xiaochao, WANG Lei, SI Liangying, JIANG Ziwu, LIU Lei, XIAO Huiming, LI Zelin, CHEN Xiaoyu
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (5): 36-42.  
    Abstract77)      PDF(pc) (1850KB)(150)       Save
    When the cold rolled silicon steel is subjected to decarburization and recrystallization annealing in a continuous annealing furnace, nodules often appear on the surface of carbon sleeve rollers. The nodules can easily cause pitting defects in the strip steel at high temperatures and affect the stacking coefficient of silicon steel sheets, so they are fatal defects in silicon steel finished products. The mechanism of carbon sleeve nodulation in silicon steel annealing furnace rollers were researched and analyzed in-depth in this paper, and solutions were proposed to control carbon sleeve nodulation.
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    Production practice of non-oriented silicon steel in FTSR production line
    LI Dejun, GAO Zhenyu, ZHANG Bing, ZHU Rongxin
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (3): 21-.  
    Abstract75)      PDF(pc) (1358KB)(134)       Save
    The production practice of non-oriented silicon steel on FTSR production line was introduced in this paper, which can save energy and reduce carbon by up to 30 %. Adopting low-temperature heating technology for slab below 1 100℃ to save energy, emissions were reduced, and the solid solution and precipitation of the second phase particles were controlled. A reasonable hot rolling process has been developed, which ensures the driving force for recrystallization of hot rolled coils through high finishing and coiling temperature, forming more favorable textures for electromagnetic performance. The produced non-oriented silicon steel has excellent electromagnetic properties and good profile.
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    Effect of continuous casting electromagnetic stirring on recrystallization of high magnetic induction oriented silicon steel#br#
    LI Ruifeng , SI Liangying , PANG Weiguang , TIAN Jianhui , ZHAO Songshan , HU Zhiyuan , MA Lin
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (5): 8-12.  
    Abstract73)      PDF(pc) (2389KB)(129)       Save
    The influence of continuous casting electromagnetic stirring process on the magnetic properties, secondary recrystallization, and primary recrystallization of 0.30 mm thick high magnetic induction oriented silicon steel were studied in this paper. The results showed that the final product samples using electromagnetic stirring process have a lower iron loss of P1.7/50 by 0.04 W/kg and a higher induction of B800 by 0.03 T compared to those without electromagnetic stirring. With electromagnetic stirring process, the high magnetic induction oriented silicon steel has a better magnetic property. The main reason is that for samples under electromagnetic stirring process the grain size of the primary recrystallization is smaller, the temperature of the secondary recrystallization is lower, the proportion of small angle Goss texture of the primary recrystallization is higher, and the deviation angle of the <100> texture around the ND direction is smaller after secondary recrystallization.
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    Effect of heating rate on the microstructure and texture ofhigh grade nonoriented silicon steel during normalizing
    HUANG Jianlong, SHI Wenmin
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (4): 22-.  
    Abstract73)      PDF(pc) (4188KB)(169)       Save
    The effect of different heating rates on the microstructure and texture of high grade non-oriented silicon steel during normalizing was investigated by means of electron back-sacttered diffraction. The results show that the average grain size of the samples after normalizing increases when the heating rate increases from 16 ℃/s to 50 ℃/s. However, the average grain size of samples begins to decrease when the heating rate reaches 100 ℃/s. The average grain size of samples with {100}、{210}、{111} orientation increase remarkablely when the heating rate is 50 ℃/s, and γ orientation line texture of the samples after normalizing are weakened, λ orientation line texture of the samples after normalizing are strengthened, η orientation line texture of the samples after normalizing are strongest when the heating rate is 50 ℃/s. The texture factor TF of the sample after normalizing is biggest corresponding to the most favorable texture when the heating rate is 50 ℃/s. 
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    Research on the application technology of environmentally friendly coating for nonoriented silicon steel
    HUO Lijie, TIAN Jinlong, YANG Xueyan, LI Yang, TU Guopeng, LI Yu
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (5): 13-18.  
    Abstract72)      PDF(pc) (1794KB)(142)       Save
    With the strengthening of environmental policies, the production of non-oriented silicon steel and chromium free coating products has rapidly increased in recent years. There are certain differences in performance and quality stability between early chromium free coating products and chromium containing coatings. This article showed that adding additives to the coating solution can significantly improve the surface quality of the coating. Meanwhile, through resin selection and modification adjustments, the product’s weldability, rust resistance, insulation, and heat resistance have been improved. The quality and performance of chromium free coating products have been significantly improved, and they exhibit different characteristics in different application scenarios, leading to rapid development of chromium free coating products.
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    Effect of nozzle size on microstructure and properties of Fe-6.5 % Si high silicon steel ribbon#br#
    FU Weijun, HUA Fu’an, DENG Daowei, LI Jianping
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (3): 1-.  
    Abstract70)      PDF(pc) (2165KB)(170)       Save
    The effects of nozzle sizes (Φ2 mm, Φ1.5 mm, Φ1 mm and Φ0.7 mm) on the microstructure and properties of Fe-6.5 % Si high silicon steel ribbon during rapid solidification were studied. The results showed that with the decrease of nozzle size, the ordered phase decreases, the continuous length of ribbon increase obviously, but the thickness and width of ribbon decrease, the grain size decreases, and the microhardness decreases. The saturation magnetization (Ms) of ribbon decreases gradually with the decrease of nozzle size, and the coercivity (Hc) increases gradually, but the magnetic properties do not change much overall. The quality of the high silicon steel ribbon made under the Φ1mm nozzle is better.
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    Texture evolution of medium temperature copper-bearing oriented silicon steel during secondary cold rolling#br#
    ZHANG Chi, HUA Xiaojie, BAI Lu, SHU Zeteng, YAO Xinyu, YE Qin, DONG Xiangyun
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (3): 9-.  
    Abstract70)      PDF(pc) (3169KB)(140)       Save
    The textures of medium temperature reheated grain oriented silicon steel containing copper during decarburization annealing and secondary cold rolling were quantitatively analyzed by EBSD technique, and the evolution of textures and plastic deformation during different passes of secondary cold rolling was studied. The results showed that {111}〈112〉texture, {111}〈110〉 texture and {112}〈110〉 texture are the main texture components in decarburization annealing and secondary cold rolling. In the surface and subsurface layer, the volume fraction of {111}〈112〉 texture and {111}〈110〉 texture increases with the increase of cold rolling passes, while the volume fraction of {112}〈110〉 texture increases at first and then decreases with the increase of cold rolling passes. Different from other positions, the {112}〈110〉 texture occupies the highest volume fraction in the central layer, and when the cumulative deformation is higher than 58 %, it transforms to the {111}〈110〉 texture. The {001}〈110〉 texture increases after the first cold rolling, and then tends to be stable with the increase of cold rolling pass, but the texture volume fraction of the central layer is higher than that of other positions. With the increase of secondary cold rolling passes, the geometric dislocation density increases, the degree of plastic deformation increases, and the geometric dislocation density of the surface layer and the subsurface layer is higher than that of the central layer.
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    Optimal control of the crosssectional shape of hotrollednonoriented silicon steel
    GUO Lihe, Li Zhenzhong, SUN Hao, LIU Shiying, WANG Chao
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (4): 35-.  
    Abstract70)      PDF(pc) (1301KB)(219)       Save
    The product accuracy of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheet needs to be guaranteed by hot rolling to provide excellent raw materials, and the hot rolling mill provides non-oriented silicon steel cold-rolled base material for the cold rolling mill, and the product cross-sectional shape is directly inherited to the final product size of cold rolling. The whole process of hot rolling ensures the precise control of the final convexity, wedge shape and transverse thickness difference of the product, involving the control of slab quality, heating furnace steel quality, rough rolling plate shape control, finishing roll design, centering rolling and channeling roll strategy, etc., to ensure the control accuracy of the final section shape of the hot rolled finished product, and to provide section guarantee for the cold rolling in the later process.
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    Effect of final rolling temperature and normalizing time on precipitatesof highgrade nonoriented silicon steel
    LIU Pengcheng, HAO Juanjuan, WU Zhongwang, LI Zongwei, SUN Tingting
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (4): 27-.  
    Abstract68)      PDF(pc) (1912KB)(142)       Save
    n this paper, the effects of different final rolling temperature and normalization time on the precipitation behavior of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel were systematically studied. The results showed that the types of precipitates in normalized plates, cold-rolled decarburized plates and final annealed plates are similar, mainly including AlN+Nb(C, N)+Ti(C, N) composite precipitates and AlN and Ce(S, O) centered complex precipitates containing rare earth. The size of precipitates in the normalized plate increases and the surface density decreases when the final rolling temperature is increased and the normalization time is prolonged. And this trend was eventually inherited into the final annealed plate. When the final rolling temperature was 1 000 ℃ and the normalization time was 5 min, the size of precipitates is concentrated in the range of 0.3~1.0  μm, and the surface density of precipitates is 79 pieces /  1 000 μm2
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    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (4): 0-.  
    Abstract66)      PDF(pc) (514KB)(38)       Save
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    Research on influence of interference fit on splicing motor's performance
    XU Shibo, TIAN Baozhi, MA Deji, WANG Lihui, ZENG Lubin, PEI Ruilin
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (3): 26-.  
    Abstract66)      PDF(pc) (1118KB)(96)       Save
    In order to ensure the overall strength of the stator, the assembly method of interference fit is mostly adopted between the stator tooth and stator yoke of the splicing motor, and the stress generated by this fitting method on the silicon steel sheet will affect the performance of the motor. In this paper, through the finite element simulation analysis and experimental verification method, the performances were compared on the motors respectively using two kinds of fit modes of interference fit and gap fit between tooth part and yoke part, and the influence law of compressive stress on the electromagnetic performance of silicon steel was obtained.
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    In-situ EBSD study on the texture evolution of normalizednonoriented silicon steel at 900 ℃
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (4): 9-.  
    Abstract61)      PDF(pc) (3757KB)(134)       Save
    The texture evolution of a highgrade normalized non-oriented silicon steel was studied using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and field emission scanning electron microscope with an in-situ tensile test machine. Results showed that the grain orientation of the tested steel is mainly composed of (011) \[100\]. Under in-situ tensile stress, the grain orientation transit to crystal orientation such as (233) \[3-1-1\], (112)\[2-41\], (001)\[110\], and (455)\[5-22\]. The texture type of the tested steel gradually transforms from the initial {011}〈100〉 Gaussian texture to the surface texture. The orientation density of Gaussian texture continues to decrease with tensile deformation, and finally transit to {113}〈631〉 texture and {100}〈011〉 rotated cubic texture. In nonoriented silicon steel, due to the orientation relationship between AlN and the matrix, it hinders the slip and deformation of the initial grains with a normal orientation during insitu tensile process. This prevents it from becoming the dominant orientation and plays an important role in the formation of {113}〈631〉 texture and {100}〈011〉 rotated cube texture in the final grains.

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    Suppression of looper vibration in silicon steel heat treatment lines
    LIU Peidi, SUN Jun, XIONG Jinle
    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (3): 35-.  
    Abstract60)      PDF(pc) (1195KB)(165)       Save
    In the process of improving the production capacity and operating speed of old silicon steel heat treatment units, due to the fact that most units far exceed the original design speed limit, the stability of the looper was greatly affected, resulting in significant tension and speed vibration of the strip steel in the looper. By analyzing the principle of indirect tension control of the looper, a looper vibration suppressor was designed based on the feedforward principle, which effectively suppressed the problem of looper vibration and was applied to similar units with significant results.
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    Electrical Steel    2024, 6 (3): 0-.  
    Abstract59)      PDF(pc) (509KB)(40)       Save
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