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双月刊，1985年创刊
主管：宝山钢铁股份有限公司
主办：武汉钢铁有限公司
　　　中国金属学会
主编：吴　杰
编辑出版：《炼钢》编辑部
广告经营许可证号：
　　　　武市场广登字[2020]2号
邮发代号:38-377
国外发行代号： BM1662
国内连续出版物号：CN 42-1265/TF
国际连续出版物号：ISSN 1002-1043

Table of Content

    05 December 2010, Volume 26 Issue 6
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    生产实践
    New progress of computer controlled LD blowing process at No.3 steel Plant, WISCO
    2010, 26(6):  1-5,9.  doi:
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    It is described in this paper that computer controlled LD blowing process has been greatly improved in recent years at No.3 Steel Plant, WISCO by upgrading the computer system hardware, developing the application software and developing the related process technologies such as the pre-tapping of hot metal, quick adjustment of static and dynamic model coefficients, automatic stopping blowing and quick tapping of converter. As the results the average auto-blowing rate reached 83.4%and C-T hitting rate, 96.3 % at blowing end in 2009.
    Chemical composition optimization of ER70S-6 welding-wire steel
    2010, 26(6):  6-9.  doi:
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    The trial production of ER70S-6 welding-wire steel is introduced. By ways of controlling chemical components and adding Ti the combination properties and quality of welding-wire steel rod are improved and some problems severely affecting the welding quality of welding-wire solved.
    Optimization of 70 t LF argon ladle furnace process
    2010, 26(6):  10-12.  doi:
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    Both pressure control and flow rate control (double control) are achieved since introduction of the argon blowing control system for the ladle. The argon blowing process is optimized by use of the intelligent argon blowing system. Four different argon blowing patterns are selected and the standard operation procedure for argon blowing formulated in light of the refining purpose of different time quantum so as to guide the argon blowing operation.
    Mould level fluctuation control of low carbon Al-killed steels in CSP continuous casting
    2010, 26(6):  13-16.  doi:
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    In light of the problem of mould level fluctuation in continuously casting the low carbon Al-killed steels the origin and factors causing the mould level fluctuation such as the on-site operation, process optimization and equipment maintenance are analyzed and thereupon appropriate counter-measures are adopted. As the results the problem of level fluctuation in the process of continuous casting is well controlled and the production demand basically met as well.
    Analysis and control of cracks on FTSC thin slab
    2010, 26(6):  17-20.  doi:
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    The present paper statistically analyzes the effects of hot metal compositions and the process parameters of continuous casting on the occurrence of slab crack on the basis of investigation in the production of steel grade SS400 by FTSC thin slab continuous caster in a specific steel-making plant in 4 months from January to April in 2009 and proposes that in production of this steel grade C and Si content in the liquid steel should be controlled in the lower limit;[S] and [P] content be reduced to as less as possible and w(Mn)≥0.020%; overheat of the tundish be controlled within the range of 18~32℃ and the drawing speed maintains at 3.9 to 4.2m/min consistently.
    Technology analysis and optimization of secondary cooling zone of bloom caster
    2010, 26(6):  21-23,3.  doi:
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    The effect of drawing speed, intensity of the secondary cooling and the length of the secondary zone on the reheat of the strand shell has been analyzed according to the mechanism of occurrence of strand shell reheat. In view of the characteristics of the equipments of the bloom continuous caster in the Special Steel-making Plant of Laiwu Iron & Steel Co., Ltd, the length of the secondary zone is redesigned and the secondary cooling technology optimized as well. The practice of caster revamp shows that the internal quality of the bloom is improved and the rate of defect of the bloom obviously reduced.
    Causes analysis and improvement measure on outer fold of 27SiMn pipe
    2010, 26(6):  24-27.  doi:
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    In view of the serious surface outer fold of Φ299 mm×30 mm spec 27SiMn pipe for hydraulic pillar use the metallographic analysis on the defects of samples is made and the decarburization phenomenon near cracks found. By pickling the Φ330 mm spec 27SiMn casting billet for rolling pipe the transversal cracks are found on the surface of the billet. Through analysis it’s found that the inter-crystalline fracture on the cast billet surface due to nitride aluminum precipitation along the austenite grain boundaries leads to deterioration of high temperature ductility and the primary cause to occurrence of the transversal cracks on the billet is that the straightening point temperature for continuous casting does not exceed the temperature of No.3 brittle zone. In the end the crack on the billet expands to outer fold in hot rolling the billet after reheating in the annular furnace. Results from measurement on the hot ductility and melting point of 27SiMn steel show that the minimum hot ductility is 28.0% and the low ductility temperature range reaches 200 ℃. The occurrence of straightening crack in continuous casting can be avoided and the outer fold defect of the steel pipe effectively controlled by raising the straightening point temperature over 920℃ through adoption of technological measures such as reduction of the cooling intensity in the secondary zone.
    Development and application of new compound Ca clad Wire
    2010, 26(6):  28-31.  doi:
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    Texperiments are carried out on the development and production application of the new compound Ca clad wire. Experiment results show that better Ca treatment effects can be achieved and the cleanliness and quality of the steel further improved by adoption of the new compound Ca clad wire in comparison with the conventional Ca clad wire.
    试验研究
    Effect of nitrogen content on quality of rail steel U75V for high speed railway
    2010, 26(6):  32-34.  doi:
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    The present paper studies the ratio of vanadium content and nitrogen content in U75V rail steel produced by Iron & Steel Corporation of Baotou and used for high speed railway as well as the relationship between fracture toughness of rail steel and nitrogen content. Result shows that the fracture toughness of rail steel increases with the rise of the nitrogen content, therefore the limit of nitrogen content in the rail steel U75V used for high speed railway should be is confined to 80ppm.The result of industrial trial for 3 months demonstrates that routine mechanical property of rail steel remains intact after increase of nitrogen content in the steel and hence prominent economical efficiencies have been achieved in the enterprise.
    Experiment on optimization of desulphurization process by injection of passivated magnesia-lime compound
    2010, 26(6):  35-37,4.  doi:
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    Based on the test of desulphurization process by injection of passivated magnesia-Lime compound the Optimal hot metal desulphurization process is put forward. By adjustment of the position of the injection gun and optimization of desulphurizer ratio the unit consumption of desulphurizer is reduced from (Mg-0.4kg/t,CaO-1.6kg/t) to (Mg-0.4kg/t,CaO-1.6kg/t). Economic benefits are obvious.
    Development and application of online model support system of RH refining
    2010, 26(6):  38-40.  doi:
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    The present paper mainly introduces the R & D and application of RH refining model online application support system. The system mainly consists of three components: process management, calculation models and model screen. By making full use of the historical performance data and slightly adjustment of the online application model and screen image the running conditions of each and every RH model in process can be reproduced in a short time. The new system not only helps the process engineers develop and debug the model, but also facilitates them to make appropriate adjustment and maintenance of the parameters of the model.
    Thermodynamic analysis on inclusion modification of magnesium treatment in bearing steel
    2010, 26(6):  41-43,4.  doi:
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    In the paper thermodynamic analysis on interaction between magnesium and the oxides and sulfides in the steel is carried out. Results of thermodynamic calculation show that for the Al deoxidized steel the alumina inclusions can be modified very easily because the MgO inclusions generate in a relatively large zone while the Al2O3 inclusions emerge in a very small one and modification of MnS in steel can be realized only if w(Mn)/w(Mg) ≥492. Then the thermodynamic results are verified by experiments. In the experiments raw material of GCr15 bearing steel is remelted and Mg treatment carried out with Ni-Mg alloy (w(Mg)=20%). Results show that the outcome of experiments is basically in agreement with the thermodynamic analysis. The modification effects of oxide and sulfide are prominent and all inclusions of Al2O3 and MnS in steel have changed into complex inclusions such as magnesia-aluminum spinel, MgO-MgS and MgO-MnS.
    Mathematical- physical simulation and application of flow field of molten steel in six-strand tundish
    2010, 26(6):  44-48.  doi:
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    The flow field of molten steel in the six-strand tundish has been researched by the commercial software CFX and the water simulation. The flow state of the original tundish and the improved one is analyzed and compared with each other. Results show that short circuit flow is found in the original tundish, the volume of dead zone is large and its maximum value reaches 68.89%. Through building a V type slag dam and enlarging volume of the turbulence inhibitor the dead volume fraction is largely reduced and ratio of the dead zone is controlled in 20% and the minimum is only 8.98%. Expansion of the piston zone is more beneficial to removal of inclusions. It’s found through on-site experiment that the maximum temperature difference of the liquid steel between the exit of nozzle in the central area and that in the side area is reduced from original 8℃ to 3℃ and the total inclusions are reduced from 2.2mg/kg before revamp to 1.3 mg/kg.
    Experimental investigation of fatigue properties of high strength steels 82A and 82B
    2010, 26(6):  49-52.  doi:
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    Fatigue tests are conducted with two specimens of high strength steels (82A and 82B). Through tests the fatigue curve S-N and fatigue strength of the two steel samples are obtained. The fatigue fracture of the samples is observed by SEM. Results show that most f the fatigue cracks of steel 82A after modification treatment of the inclusions occur at the defect surface whereas the fatigue cracks of steel 82B without modification of inclusions frequently emerge in the area of non-metal inclusions and defect surface and moreover the fatigue fracture appearing in the area of inside non-metallic inclusions often presents the character of “fish eye”. The effects of non-metallic inclusions on the fatigue property of the high strength steel are discussed as well.
    设计改造
    Longevity technology of evaporative cooling flue of 210t converter
    2010, 26(6):  53-56.  doi:
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    The present paper introduces expansion of the service life of the evaporative cooling flue system of the converters by way of technological research and process improvement in evaporative cooling flue design, manufacture, operation, maintenance and etc. Defects of water leaking in the evaporative cooling flue system have never occurred for 5 years since the commissioning of the system of the 3 converters (210tvolume/each), which have refined a total of 91124 heats of steel in the period.
    Design and industrial application trial for low temperature gradient mould copper tube
    2010, 26(6):  57-60.  doi:
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    A new mould with heat insulation coating capable of decreasing the temperature gradient of the solidification front is designed, manufactured and tested in a billet continuous caster in industrial scale. Results show that the mould with low temperature gradient can meet the production demand of continuous casting. In comparison with the traditional one the low temperature gradient mould possesses following advantages: the surface temperature of the exit billet rises by 108℃ and under the condition of similar drawing speed the average heat flux density is relatively low. All facts show that the new mould can effectively slow down the heat transfer of the liquid steel at the initial stage of solidification and thus lower the temperature gradient at the solidification front. In combination with low overheat and electromagnetic stirring technologies adopted the equiaxed grain ratio of the billets produced by the low temperature gradient mould rises by 8%~13% and the central segregation and cavitation are prominently reduced.
    辅助技术、材料及设备
    Numerical simulation of flow field of converter water-cooled movable fume hood and its application
    2010, 26(6):  61-63,6.  doi:
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    In light of the failure of the converter movable water cooled fume hood in the practical production the water flow field distribution of the movable fume hood is numerically simulated and calculated by software FLUENT and the primary cause to the failure of the movable fume hood is found to be originated from the unbalance distribution of the flow field and thus a revamp plan accordingly put forward. Production practice demonstrates that the service life of the revamped movable fume hood achieves and even exceeds the designed value.

    Research and application of converter waste gas recovery automatic system
    2010, 26(6):  64-66.  doi:
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    The converter gas automatic recovery system and its control requirements are analyzed. It’s recognized that the recovery time should be determined on the basis of CO and O2 concentration containing in the gas in the process of recovering the converter gas. In view of application of converter gas in Xilin Iron & Steel Co., Ltd, the PLC based full automation gas recovery system is discussed, the structure of the system introduced and a few functions such as fume purification, chemical compositions analysis, self regulation of the differential pressure at the hood mouth, self-regulation of high and low velocity of blower and interference free switchover of recovery and emission expatiated. Practical results demonstrate that by application of the automation control system reclamation of the resource of converter gas is realized, gas quality ensured, combustion and emission of gas reduced and running safely guaranteed. In the end the requirements of combination of environment protection with comprehensive utilization of energy resource are satisfied.
    Application of PCS7 in converter vaporization -cooling system
    2010, 26(6):  67-69.  doi:
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    The present paper introduces the PCS7 in the vaporization-cooling system in MEISHAN Steelmaking Plant，involving the structure and functions of the control system and the control object as well as how to control it.

    综 述
    Innovation and expectation of endless strip production
    2010, 26(6):  70-73.  doi:
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    In this paper the innovation course, process, equipments and its advantages of the Endless Strip Production (ESP) in Italian Arvedi Company and the comparison between ESP and various thin strip cast rolling processes are discussed, and the future development of the ESP is expected.
    Innocuous treatment and comprehensive utilization of stainless steel slag
    2010, 26(6):  74-77.  doi:
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    Stainless steel slag is harmful to the environment due to Cr6+, and transformation of Cr3+ to Cr6+ is carrying on continuously when the slag is piling up. Therefore harmless processing and comprehensive utilization should be provided as soon as possible. Innocuous treatment methods include high-temperature reduction (dry method), water-leaching reduction (wet method) and solidification. The comprehensive utilization trend of the stainless steel slag is to resolve the problem of enrichment of harmful sulfur and phosphorus and realize the slag regeneration in order to promote internal recycle of the slag and reduce the external utilization.