Abstract: Increasing the scrap ratio in basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking is of great significance to carbon emission reduction and the green transformation of China's iron and steel industry. This paper reviews the research progress on scrap melting in BOF steelmaking under high scrap ratio conditions. It summarizes the domestic and overseas status of scrap resource utilization. The process and mechanism of scrap melting in the molten bath are described, and the effects of four key factors, bath temperature, elemental composition, boundary layer characteristics, and scrap properties on scrap melting are analyzed in detail. Key technologies for increasing the scrap ratio, including scrap preheating, in-converter secondary combustion, the addition of supplementary heating agents, and enhanced bath stirring, are summarized as solutions to the issue of insufficient thermal energy. The impacts of high scrap ratios on the BOF steelmaking process are also briefly discussed. Finally, a summary and outlook are provided. This review aims to provide a reference for future research and applications related to high scrap ratio BOF steelmaking.

Key words: BOF steelmaking; high scrap ratio; scrap melting; scrap recycling; thermal compensation