铈对201-J5不锈钢夹杂物改性和性能的影响研究

炼钢 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 76-85.

铈对201-J5不锈钢夹杂物改性和性能的影响研究

李炳基¹,张利超¹,金亚龙²ʼ³,王勇²ʼ³,张华²ʼ³,倪红卫²ʼ³

1.广西北港新材料有限公司广西特钢新材料重点实验室,广西北海 536000;2.武汉科技大学钢铁冶金及资源利用省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉 430081;3.武汉科技大学先进耐火材料全国重点实验室,湖北武汉 430081

出版日期:2026-09-28 发布日期:2026-09-28

Study on the effect of cerium on inclusion modification and properties of 201-J5 stainless steel

LI Bingji¹, ZHANG Lichao¹, JIN Yalong²ʼ³, WANG Yong²ʼ³, ZHANG Hua²ʼ³, NI Hongwei²ʼ³

1.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Steel New Materials, Guangxi BG New Materials Co., Ltd., Beihai 536000, China;2.Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China;3.National Key Laboratory of Advanced Refractories, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China

Online:2026-09-28 Published:2026-09-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于工业试验,系统研究了Ce含量对201-J5低镍奥氏体不锈钢中夹杂物的改性作用及其对耐腐蚀性能和力学性能的影响规律。随着Ce质量分数从0增加至61×10??,钢中夹杂物由Al-Si-Mn-Ca-O和MnS逐步转变为球状Ce-Al-Si-O-S复合夹杂物,夹杂物数量密度从28.9个/mm2降至16.2个/mm2,面积分数从68.9×10??降至39.8×10??,平均尺寸从4.9 μm减小至4.4 μm。当Ce质量分数为37×10??时,不锈钢耐腐蚀性能最佳,Ce质量分数从0增加到37×10??时钢的腐蚀失重速率从0.078 g/(m2·d)降至0.038 g/(m2·d),击穿电位从128.1 mV提升至147.6 mV,晶间腐蚀敏感性明显降低。力学性能方面,稀土元素Ce的添加细化了晶粒组织,晶粒度级别从6.0提升至6.6;同时提高了钢的拉伸性能和冲击韧性,其中横向抗拉强度呈现先增后降趋势,纵向抗拉强度持续增强,断后伸长率稳定提升,冲击吸收功在Ce质量分数为34×10??时达到峰值102 J。此外,稀土元素Ce有效改善了钢的高温塑性,消除了温度在1100~1150 ℃的塑性恶化现象,有效抑制了热轧板表面脱皮缺陷的产生。研究为稀土元素Ce在低镍奥氏体不锈钢工业化应用中的夹杂物控制和性能提升提供了重要依据。

关键词: 201-J5不锈钢;稀土元素Ce;夹杂物改性;耐腐蚀性能;力学性能

Abstract: Based on industrial experiments, the modification effect of Ce content on inclusions in 201-J5 low nickel austenitic stainless steel and its influence on corrosion resistance and mechanical properties were systematically studied. As the Ce mass fraction increased from 0 to 61×10??, the inclusions in the steel gradually transformed from Al-Si-Mn-Ca-O and MnS to spherical Ce-Al-Si-O-S composite inclusions. The number density of inclusions decreased from 28.9 mm?2 to 16.2 mm?2, the area fraction decreased from 68.9×10?? to 39.8×10??, and the average size decreased from 4.9 μm to 4.4 μm. When the Ce mass fraction was 37×10??, the stainless steel exhibited the best corrosion resistance. When the Ce mass fraction increased from 0 to 37×10??, the corrosion weight loss rate of steel decreased from 0.078 g/(m2·d) to 0.038 g/(m2·d), and the breakdown potential increased from 128.1 mV to 147.6 mV, and the intergranular corrosion susceptibility was significantly reduced. In terms of mechanical properties, the addition of the rare earth element Ce refined the grain structure, increasing the grain size level from 6.0 to 6.6. Simultaneously, the tensile properties and impact toughness of the steel were improved, with the transverse tensile strength showing an increasing and then decreasing trend, the longitudinal tensile strength continuously increased, and the elongation after fracture steadily increased. The impact absorption energy reached a peak of 102 J at a Ce mass fraction of 34×10??. In addition, Ce effectively improved the high-temperature plasticity of the steel, eliminated the plastic deterioration phenomenon in the 1100–1150 ℃, and effectively suppressed the occurrence of peeling defects on the surface of hot-rolled plates. This study provides an important basis for the inclusion control and performance improvement of rare earth Ce in the industrial application of low nickel austenitic stainless steel.

Key words: 201-J5 stainless steel; rare earth cerium; modification of inclusions; corrosion resistance; mechanical properties

. 铈对201-J5不锈钢夹杂物改性和性能的影响研究[J]. 炼钢, 2026, 42(5): 76-85.