电弧炉炼钢集束氧燃混合射流动力学特性研究与工业实践

炼钢 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 24-29.

电弧炉炼钢集束氧燃混合射流动力学特性研究与工业实践

刘崇¹，张雲飞¹，刘纲^2,3，丁志军⁴，康旭¹，张俊粉¹

1.河钢材料技术研究院，河北石家庄 050023；
2.清华大学信息国家研究中心，北京 100084;
3.江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司智能及信息化部，江苏无锡 214429；
4.石家庄钢铁有限责任公司技术中心，河北石家庄 050031

出版日期:2025-04-05 发布日期:2025-04-02

Study on dynamic characteristics of coherent oxygen-fuel mixed jet for EAF steelmaking and its industrial practice

Online:2025-04-05 Published:2025-04-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为进一步加快废钢升温速率、缩短冶炼周期，建立了短流程全废钢电弧炉炼钢过程集束氧燃混合射流数值模拟模型，分析了不同氧燃比、不同氧燃流量对混合气体喷吹动力学特性以及燃烧带长度、燃烧位置的影响趋势。结果表明：在中、高档烧嘴模式下，随着氧燃比增加，各出口速度及势流核心段长度逐渐增加，开始发生燃烧反应的位置延后，当氧燃比为2.2时，燃烧反应带长度最长，有助于天然气和氧气的充分混合燃烧；低档烧嘴模式下的气相射流并未形成势流核心段，意味着燃烧过程放出的热量可能无法有效地集中作用于废钢熔化。基于数值模拟计算结果，对冶炼过程氧燃枪喷吹参数及喷吹时间进行调整，将氧燃比由2.0提升至2.2，缩短低档烧嘴的使用时间，统计分析了一个完整炉役的冶炼数据，供电时间缩短了0.7 min、天然气消耗降低了0.29 m³/t。

关键词: 电弧炉炼钢, 氧燃混合喷吹, 数值模拟, 废钢熔化

Abstract: In order to further speed up the scrap heating rate and shorten the smelting cycle, a numerical simulation model of coherent oxygen-fuel mixed jet was established for the short process full scrap EAF steelmaking process. The effects of different oxygen-fuel ratio and different oxygen-fuel flow rate on the dynamic characteristics of mixed gas injection, the length of combustion zone and the position of combustion zone were analyzed. The results show that in the medium and high-grade burner modes, as the oxygen-fuel ratio increases, the outlet velocity and the length of the core section of the potential flow gradually increase, and the position of the beginning of the combustion reaction is delayed. When the oxygen-fuel ratio is 2.2, the length of the combustion reaction zone is the longest, which is conducive to the full mixing combustion of natural gas and oxygen. The gas-phase jet in the low-grade burner mode does not form a potential flow core, which means that the heat released by the combustion process may not be effectively concentrated on the scrap melting. Based on the numerical simulation results, the injection parameters and time of the oxygen-fuel lance were adjusted, the oxygen-fuel ratio was increased from 2.0 to 2.2, and the service time of the low-grade burner was shortened. The smelting data of a complete campaign was statistically analyzed, the power supply time was shortened by 0.7 min, and the natural gas consumption was reduced by 0.29 m³/t.

Key words: electric furnace steelmaking, oxygen-fuel mixed injection, numerical simulation, scrap melting

刘崇, 张雲飞, 刘纲, 丁志军, 康旭, 张俊粉. 电弧炉炼钢集束氧燃混合射流动力学特性研究与工业实践[J]. 炼钢, 2025, 41(2): 24-29.

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