316L不锈钢精炼过程中夹杂物成分演变

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 从“AOD→LF→钙处理→连铸”进行全流程取样，重点分析316L不锈钢中氧氮含量、夹杂物数密度和成分。研究发现：在冶炼过程中，钢中w(T.O)逐渐降低，钙处理后为24×10^-6，较AOD还原结束时降低183×10^-6，浇铸时存在二次氧化，铸坯试样中w(T.O)增加8×10^-6。AOD还原期结束时，夹杂物类型主要为SiO₂-MnO系。LF进站时为CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂系和CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO系，前者主要来源于AOD卷渣和钢中Al反应生成，后者主要来源于SiO₂-MnO系夹杂物与钢中Al以及渣相反应生成。对于CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂系，LF进站时夹杂物平均成分偏离低熔点区，随着精炼过程的进行，夹杂物中CaO含量降低，Al₂O₃含量升高，其平均成分位于低熔点区内；对于CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO系，夹杂物中MgO含量升高，MgO·Al₂O₃尖晶石夹杂物数量增加，经过钙处理和静置上浮，CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO系夹杂物逐渐消失，夹杂物改性较为充分。

关键词: 316L不锈钢, 夹杂物, 钙处理

Abstract: Steel samples were taken at the AOD process, LF refining, and slab during the production of 316L stainless steel. The mass fraction of total oxygen and nitrogen,the number density, and composition of inclusions in steel samples were analyzed. The mass fraction of total oxygen in the steel gradually deceased and reached 24×10^-6 after calcium treatment,183×10^-6 lower than that at the end of AOD reduction. Reoxidation occurred during continuous casting and the total oxygen mass fraction in the slab was increased by 8×10^-6. At the end of AOD reduction,the inclusions were mainly SiO₂-MnO. The inclusions were divided into the CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂system and the CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO system at LF arrival. The former was mainly generated by the reaction between the entrained AOD slag and dissolved aluminum in the steel, and the latter was mainly formed by the reaction between the SiO₂-MnO inclusions, dissolved aluminum and slag phase. ForCaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ system, the average composition of inclusions at LF arrival was not in the low melting temperature region.With the progress of LF refining,the content of CaO decreased and the content of Al₂O₃ increased in inclusions. Its average composition was in the low melting temperature region. For the CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO system, the content of MgO increased and the number of MgO·Al₂O₃ spinel inclusions increasd. After calcium treatment and holding process, there were no CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO inclusions in the steel, indicating that the inclusion modification was relatively appropriate.

Key words: 316L stainless steel, inclusions, calcium treatment

许苗苗, 尚正鸿, 凌海涛, 常立忠. 316L不锈钢精炼过程中夹杂物成分演变[J]. 炼钢, 2021, 37(2): 16-22.

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316L不锈钢精炼过程中夹杂物成分演变

Composition evolution of inclusions in 316L stainless steel refining process

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