Analyzed the current situation of electrical steel in China from the aspects of production, import and export volume, product structure changes, standards, grades, and magnetic induction changes in recent years. By analyzing the changes in the price index of electrical steel in the past two years, it is demonstrated that it conforms to normal market rules. The development direction of electrical steel is proposed from three aspects: electrical steel products, process technology,and process equipment, and several suggestions for electrical steel standards are proposed.

The texture evolution of a highgrade normalized non-oriented silicon steel was studied using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and field emission scanning electron microscope with an in-situ tensile test machine. Results showed that the grain orientation of the tested steel is mainly composed of (011) \[100\]. Under in-situ tensile stress, the grain orientation transit to crystal orientation such as (233) \[3-1-1\], (112)\[2-41\], (001)\[110\], and (455)\[5-22\]. The texture type of the tested steel gradually transforms from the initial {011}〈100〉 Gaussian texture to the surface texture. The orientation density of Gaussian texture continues to decrease with tensile deformation, and finally transit to {113}〈631〉 texture and {100}〈011〉 rotated cubic texture. In nonoriented silicon steel, due to the orientation relationship between AlN and the matrix, it hinders the slip and deformation of the initial grains with a normal orientation during insitu tensile process. This prevents it from becoming the dominant orientation and plays an important role in the formation of {113}〈631〉 texture and {100}〈011〉 rotated cube texture in the final grains.

ThermoCalc software was used to simulate the oxidation process of decarburized annealing plates for oriented silicon steel, and the oxides that can be generated with different pH₂O/pH₂ were analyzed. During decarburization annealing at 800 ℃，It was found that when the range of pH₂O/pH₂ values was 0.19～23, the oxidation products were FeO and Fe₂SiO₄. Using a glow spectrometer to analyze the oxide layers of three different decarburized annealing plates with different oxygen contents, as well as the surface characteristics of the corresponding finished plates. Found out than the total oxygen content of decarburized annealed plates is different, but the oxygen content in the surface is alike, all of which are very high. As the oxygen content in the decarburized annealing plate increases, the thickness of the oxide layer increases.The oxygen content in the surface insulation film of the three finished boards is almost the same, and the forsterite film in the finished board corresponding to the decarburized annealing board with the thickest oxide layer is also the thickest, and the spinel is the deepest.

The effect of different heating rates on the microstructure and texture of high grade non-oriented silicon steel during normalizing was investigated by means of electron back-sacttered diffraction. The results show that the average grain size of the samples after normalizing increases when the heating rate increases from 16 ℃/s to 50 ℃/s. However, the average grain size of samples begins to decrease when the heating rate reaches 100 ℃/s. The average grain size of samples with {100}、{210}、{111} orientation increase remarkablely when the heating rate is 50 ℃/s, and γ orientation line texture of the samples after normalizing are weakened, λ orientation line texture of the samples after normalizing are strengthened, η orientation line texture of the samples after normalizing are strongest when the heating rate is 50 ℃/s. The texture factor TF of the sample after normalizing is biggest corresponding to the most favorable texture when the heating rate is 50 ℃/s. 

n this paper, the effects of different final rolling temperature and normalization time on the precipitation behavior of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel were systematically studied. The results showed that the types of precipitates in normalized plates, cold-rolled decarburized plates and final annealed plates are similar, mainly including AlN+Nb(C, N)+Ti(C, N) composite precipitates and AlN and Ce(S, O) centered complex precipitates containing rare earth. The size of precipitates in the normalized plate increases and the surface density decreases when the final rolling temperature is increased and the normalization time is prolonged. And this trend was eventually inherited into the final annealed plate. When the final rolling temperature was 1 000 ℃ and the normalization time was 5 min, the size of precipitates is concentrated in the range of 0.3~1.0  μm, and the surface density of precipitates is 79 pieces /  1 000 μm²

The product accuracy of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheet needs to be guaranteed by hot rolling to provide excellent raw materials, and the hot rolling mill provides non-oriented silicon steel cold-rolled base material for the cold rolling mill, and the product cross-sectional shape is directly inherited to the final product size of cold rolling. The whole process of hot rolling ensures the precise control of the final convexity, wedge shape and transverse thickness difference of the product, involving the control of slab quality, heating furnace steel quality, rough rolling plate shape control, finishing roll design, centering rolling and channeling roll strategy, etc., to ensure the control accuracy of the final section shape of the hot rolled finished product, and to provide section guarantee for the cold rolling in the later process.

The development of oriented silicon steel hotrolled base materials combining the equipment conditions of Benxi Steel was introduced in this paper. The smelting and hot rolling process of oriented silicon steel BRQ hot rolling base material were designed based on the characteristics and limit conditions of steelmaking and continuous casting equipment at Benxi Steel, solving the problem of casting billet structure caused by electric stirring without secondary cooling section, as well as the problems of hot rolling slab heating furnace loading, temperature and time control, temperature drop, speed and stability in the rough and fine rolling area of the 3/4 continuous rolling unit. Through process optimization, a process and production plan corresponding to limited equipment conditions were formed, achieving stable production of oriented silicon steel hotrolled base material BRQ.

Laser marking is an effective means to reduce the iron loss of grainoriented electrical steel, and it is also the only marking technology that has been widely used in industry. In this paper, various techniques for refining grainoriented electrical steel magnetic domains and their advantages and disadvantages are listed. The types, characteristics and research status of laser scoring systems are reviewed, and the development of laser scoring technology is prospected.

By analyzing the unstable transmission problems of water cooling rolls in a certain silicon steel normalization furnace, such as easy bending deformation, running jumping, and jamming, a direct connection transmission scheme for water cooling rolls is proposed and implemented. After implementation, the water cooling roll transmission is stable, eliminating a series of original problems, and achieving good application results, which is of great application value for improving the production efficiency of steel mills.

Helium gas is an important working gas in laser welding, and controlling its consumption is beneficial for reducing costs. This article takes helium consumption as the research objective, and optimizes the TMEIC laser welding machine from the aspects of helium blowing time, working head blowing range, and secondary pressure reduction at the gas station. It reduces helium consumption and improves weld quality, effectively reducing the helium cost of the laser welding machine.