Abstract: To optimize the high⁃temperature oxidation control and scale removal process of non⁃oriented silicon steel in industrial production, low⁃grade industrial BW1300 hot⁃rolled non⁃oriented silicon steel was selected as the research subject. Through physicochemical analysis, its alloy composition was determined, and characterization methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and X⁃ray diffraction (XRD) were used to systematically study the thickness of oxidation scales, phase composition evolution, and the effects of different heating regimes on the structure of oxidation scales during high⁃temperature oxidation, with a focus on analyzing the role of alloying elements and oxidation mechanisms. The results show that at 1 150~1 177 ℃, the bonding force between the oxide scale and the substrate is relatively low, making it easy to remove the scale, which is consistent with previous studies on the effect of temperature on oxidation layer adhesion. When the temperature exceeds 1 177 ℃, Fe2SiO4 and FeO form a eutectic liquid phase, leading to rapid thickening and a loose structure of the oxide scale. This study supplements the specific oxidation characteristics of industrial BW1300 silicon steel, enriches the research system of high⁃temperature oxidation of non⁃oriented silicon steel, and its conclusions are close to industrial production practices, providing a theoretical basis and technical support for the optimization of scale removal processes and the control of oxidation defects.

Key words: hot?rolled non?oriented silicon steel, high?temperature oxidation, scale, alloy elements, descale