Abstract: Grain-oriented silicon steel and iron-based amorphous alloy are two core functional materials for the manufacturing of transformer cores. Differences in their production processes and material properties directly determine the overall performance of transformers. This paper conducts an in-depth comparative analysis of the two types of materials from key dimensions including strip production process, transformer operating performance, whole-life cycle economy and scenario applicability. Under the guidance of the national "Dual Carbon" strategy and the upgrading of industrial technology, transformers made of the two materials will develop collaboratively toward high performance, large capacity, green low-carbon and scenario customization in the future. An industrial pattern featuring complementary materials and coordinated scenario division will be formed, jointly supporting the low-carbon and high-efficiency transformation and upgrading of the power equipment industry.

Key words: grain-oriented silicon steel; iron-based amorphous alloy; transformer performance comparison; development trend; low carbon and high efficiency