Q235B钢矩形坯在结晶器中传热凝固行为的研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 将连铸过程连铸坯凝固收缩、鼓肚变形、气隙、保护渣及结晶器传热进行耦合求解，开发出了适用于165 mm×225 mm的Q235B钢矩形坯连铸过程中钢水传热凝固的计算模型，并利用该模型对拉速1.5 m/min工况下结晶器内连铸坯的传热凝固行为进行了详细计算。计算结果表明连铸坯宽面温度在气隙分布的影响下呈不均匀分布，且与现场坯壳比对研究可以发现振痕的形成分成了4个阶段，第1阶段发生在距弯月面0～0.17 m，高温区分布法向与拉坯方向垂直，法向垂直于拉坯方向的振痕形成；第2阶段发生在距弯月面0.17～0.26 m，温度分布呈现W形，法向与拉坯方向平行的振痕形成；第3阶段发生在距弯月面0.26～0.36 m，宽度方向温度进一步均匀化，法向与拉坯方向平行的振痕进一步向均匀化发展；第4阶段发生在距弯月面0.36～0.80 m，连铸坯宽面宽度方向的温度分布趋于稳定，振痕也趋于稳定。现场漏钢坯壳的振痕形貌图与计算的温度分布图相似，计算模型可以用来解释该工况下连铸坯的传热凝固行为。现场加大结晶器锥度和调整结晶器铜管刚度，漏钢率和铸坯鼓肚及脱方超标比例显著下降。

关键词: 凝固收缩, 鼓肚, 气隙, 传热, 连铸, 结晶器

Abstract: The model of the heat transfer and solidification in the 165 mm×225 mm Q235B steel rectangular billet continuous casting process was carried out by coupling solidification shrinkage, bulging deformation, air gap, slag and mold flux heat transfer. And this model was used to calculate heat transfer and solidification of molten steel in the mold with 1.5 m/min casting speed. The results show that the wide surface temperature distribution of continuous casting billet is uneven under the influence of air gap distribution, and the formation of vibration marks can be divided into four stages compared with the shell. The first stage occurs within 0-0.17 m from the meniscus. The normal direction of the high temperature distribution is perpendicular to the direction of casting, and the vibration marks which normal direction is perpendicular to the direction of casting are formed. The second stage occurs within 0.17-0.26 m from the meniscus, the temperature distribution presents W-shape, and the vibration marks which are parallel to the casting direction are formed. The third stage occurs within 0.26-0.36 m from the meniscus, the temperature in the width direction is further homogenized, and the vibration marks parallel to the casting direction are also further homogenized. The fourth stage occurs within 0.36～0.80 m from the meniscus. The temperature distribution along the width direction of slab tends to be stable and the vibration mark also tends to be stable. The vibration marks morphology of the breakout billet is similar to the calculated temperature distribution. The calculation model can be used to explain the heat transfer and solidification behavior of continuous casting billet under this condition. After increasing the taper of the mold and adjusting the rigidity of the mold, the breakout ratio, the bulging ratio and the ratio of out-of-square exceeding the standard decrease significantly.

Key words: solidification shrinkage, bulging, air gap, heat transfer, continuous casting, mold

雷少武，王立波，李东华，王景山，张思维，崔洪云. Q235B钢矩形坯在结晶器中传热凝固行为的研究[J]. 炼钢, 2019, 35(4): 43-52.

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Q235B钢矩形坯在结晶器中传热凝固行为的研究

Study on heat transfer and solidification of Q235B steel rectangular billet in mold during continuous casting

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