炉底电磁搅拌对电炉冶炼不锈钢工艺的影响

炼钢 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 10-14.

炉底电磁搅拌对电炉冶炼不锈钢工艺的影响

（1.ABB Metallurgy, Process Automation, ABB AB, Vsters SE721 59，Sweden；
2.Outokumpu Stainless AB, Avesta SE774 41, Sweden；
3.ABB（中国）有限公司，北京 100015，中国）

接受日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2017-04-05

Impact of electromagnetic stirring on the stainless steel melting process in EAF

Accepted:1900-01-01 Online:2017-04-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 安装在电炉炉底下方的电磁搅拌器(ArcSave)能使整个熔池的钢液产生有效的混合，从而加速熔炼过程中钢液温度和化学成分的均匀化。研究了电磁搅拌对瑞典Outokumpu不锈钢厂的90 t电炉冶炼不锈钢工艺的影响。热测试结果显示，ArcSave能加速废钢和铬铁合金的熔化，精确控制出钢量；熔池的温度也更加均匀，出钢温度能得到准确的控制；稳定的电炉出钢质量和出钢温度的控制有利于后续AOD的顺利操作。通过对钢液的搅拌能减少熔池液面的过热度并提高熔池内的热传导，使得炉壁和炉盖的热损失减少，因此降低了耗电量和电极消耗量，总能耗能降低3%~4 %。同时，搅拌也能强化钢渣间的界面反应，降低渣中Cr₂O₃的含量，提高合金收得率和降低FeSi的消耗量。还能缩短冶炼周期，并且连续稳定的冶炼操作能提高电炉冶炼的产量约6 %~8 %。电磁搅拌技术是提高电炉冶炼不锈钢工艺水平的一种安全、可靠而有效的解决方案。

关键词: 电炉, 电磁搅拌, 铬铁熔化, 钢/渣反应, 不锈钢, 能效

Abstract: Electromagnetic stirrer installed underneath the furnace bottom creates a whole bath mixing effect thus accelerates the homogenization of the temperature and chemical composition of the steel. The effect of electromagnetic stirring on the EAF process for stainless steel melting had been studied in a 90 t furnace in Outokumpu Stainless AB in Sweden. The hot test results showed that ArcSave accelerated the scrap and ferrochromium melting and gave a better accuracy in tapping weight control. Bath temperature was more homogeneous and tapping temperature was controlled more correctly and this would smooth the AOD operations. The decrease of surface superheat temperature and efficient heat transfer under stirring would reduce the heat losses to the furnace wall and roof and thereby reduced the electricity and electrode consumption. The total energy saving could be reached to 3 %－4 %. The slag reduction was also enhanced by stirring which resulted in high alloy yield and lower FeSi consumption. Short taptotap time and consistent furnace operation also enabled an increase in productivity of approx 6 %－8 %. Electromagnetic stirring is a reliable and efficient solution for improving the stainless steel melting process.

Key words: electric arc furnace (EAF), electromagnetic stirring (EMS), ferrochromium melting, steel/slag reaction, stainless steel, energy efficiency

滕立东1，LJUNGQVIST Par2，钟云涛3，ANDERSSON Joakim2. 炉底电磁搅拌对电炉冶炼不锈钢工艺的影响[J]. 炼钢, 2017, 33(2): 10-14.

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