含钛不锈钢夹杂物对浸入式水口堵塞的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用扫描电镜（SEM）和FactSage热力学软件计算等方法研究了AISI321含钛不锈钢连铸过程中浸入式水口堵塞的形成原因。试验结果表明：水口堵塞物主要分为3层，第1层为水口耐材表面的冷钢层，由TiN的氧化或钢液中Ti对耐材中SiO₂还原而生成的TiO₂导致钢液凝固形成；第2层为紧挨着冷钢层表面的呈树枝状堵
塞物层，由富含CaO·TiO₂的CaO·TiO₂-MgO·Al₂O₃复合夹杂物组成，主要是钢液中夹杂物的不断累积而引起；第3层为靠近钢液一侧的大量冷钢层，由含有MgO·Al₂O₃核心的TiN和冷钢组成，由于钢液中的MgO·Al₂O₃诱导TiN析出，从而促进钢液凝固而形成复合TiN夹杂物。通过对形成原因的探究，可采取以下措施来解决水口堵塞问题：降低钢中碳和氮含量，降低钛的添加量；降低水口耐材中的SiO₂含量；提高钢液的洁净度，尤其是对CaO·TiO₂类夹杂物的去除；精炼过程中通过钢液控铝和钙处理对CaO·TiO₂类夹杂物变性，形成低熔点液态夹杂物。

关键词: 不锈钢, 连铸, 夹杂物, 水口堵塞

Abstract: The formation mechanism of nozzle clogging in the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) used for AISI321 stainless steel was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and FactSage software. The results showed that the deposit was mainly classified into three parts. The first part was composed of frozen steel at the surface of refractory. The formation of frozen steel was resulted from TiO₂ which was formed due to the oxidation of TiN or the reduction of SiO₂ in refractory by Ti in steel. For the second part, it was a dendritic materials, which was consisted of complex inclusions of CaO·TiO₂-MgO·Al₂O₃containing rich CaO·TiO₂. The accumulation of the complex inclusions in steel resulted in the formation of second layer. There was massive frozen steel closed to molten steel at the third part, which was consisted of TiN with a core of MgO·Al₂O₃ and frozen steel. The precipitation of TiN induced by MgO·Al₂O₃ promoted the freeze of steel and formation of complex TiN inclusions. In order to solve the problem of nozzle clogging, the following measures were proposed: reducing the carbon and nitrogen content in steel and the additive amount of titanium alloy; reducing the SiO₂content in the refractory of submersed nozzle; improving the cleanliness of steel, especially promoting the removal of CaO·TiO₂ inclusions; modifying the CaO·TiO₂ inclusions to liquid particles by aluminum control and calcium treatment during refining process.

Key words: stainless steel, continuous casting, inclusions, nozzle clogging

阮强1,2，钱国余1，潘吉祥2，陈兴润2，成国光1. 含钛不锈钢夹杂物对浸入式水口堵塞的影响[J]. 炼钢, 2016, 32(4): 39-43.

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含钛不锈钢夹杂物对浸入式水口堵塞的影响

Effect of inclusions in Ti-bearing stainless steels on nozzle clogging of submersed nozzle

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